<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zrinyi, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pham, A.L.-T.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidation of benzoic acid by heat-activated persulfate: Effect of temperature on transformation pathway and product distribution</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activated persulfate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Advanced Oxidation Processes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benzoic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carboxylation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical activation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chemical compound</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chemical reaction kinetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contamination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">decarboxylation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decarboxylation reactions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fragmentation reaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fragmentation reactions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groundwater</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groundwater treatment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">heat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hot Temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydroxyl radical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydroxyl radical generation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydroxylation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impurities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organic pollutant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oxidation reduction reaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidation-Reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">persulfate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pollutant removal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">priority journal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sulfate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfur compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">temperature effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">temperature sensitivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time-concentration profiles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transformation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transformation pathways</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">unclassified drug</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water pollutant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water treatment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85018349473&amp;doi=10.1016%2fj.watres.2017.04.066&amp;partnerID=40&amp;md5=bb56844305381cfc146e134f95945c71</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">120</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43-51</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heat activates persulfate (S2O8 2−) into sulfate radical (SO4 [rad]−), a powerful oxidant capable of transforming a wide variety of contaminants. Previous studies have shown that an increase in temperature accelerates the rates of persulfate activation and contaminant transformation. However, few studies have considered the effect of temperature on contaminant transformation pathway. The objective of this study was to determine how temperature (T = 22–70 °C) influences the activation of persulfate, the transformation of benzoic acid (i.e., a model compound), and the distribution of benzoic acid oxidation products. The time-concentration profiles of the products suggest that benzoic acid was transformed via decarboxylation and hydroxylation mechanisms, with the former becoming increasingly important at elevated temperatures. The pathway through which the products were further oxidized was also influenced by the temperature of persulfate activation. Our findings suggest that the role of temperature in the persulfate-based treatment systems is not limited only to controlling the rates of sulfate and hydroxyl radical generation. The ability of sulfate radical to initiate decarboxylation reactions and, more broadly, fragmentation reactions, as well as the effect of temperature on these transformation pathways could be important to the transformation of a number of organic contaminants. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cited By 19</style></notes></record></records></xml>