@inbook {15357, title = {孙立人生平事迹 (Sun Li-jen, bits and bytes)}, booktitle = {自强不息 振我中华 {\textemdash}{\textemdash} 清华学校时期留美军事学人资料选编 (History of students from Tsing Hua School, 1912-1928) (刘伟华、揭钧 编)}, volume = {1}, year = {2017}, pages = {86-100}, publisher = {清华大学校史馆 (School History, Tsing \Hua University) }, organization = {清华大学校史馆 (School History, Tsing \Hua University) }, edition = {1}, address = {北京清华大学 (Tsing Hua University, Beijing)}, author = {Chung 揭钧 Chieh} } @inbook {15356, title = {Water}, booktitle = {Bakery Products Science and Technology, }, volume = {1}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Chichester, West Sussex, UK ; Hoboken, NJ : Wiley Blackwell}, organization = {Chichester, West Sussex, UK ; Hoboken, NJ : Wiley Blackwell}, edition = {2}, author = {Peter Chung Chieh} } @inbook {15355, title = {Water Chemistry and Biochemistry}, booktitle = {Food Biochemistry and Food Processing}, volume = {1}, year = {2012}, pages = {84-106}, publisher = {Ames, Iowa : Wiley-Blackwell}, organization = {Ames, Iowa : Wiley-Blackwell}, edition = {Second}, author = {Chung Chieh} } @inbook {15354, title = {Fundamental Characteristics of Water}, booktitle = {Handbook of Food Science, Technology, and Engineering - 4 Volume Set}, volume = {1}, year = {2006}, pages = {12-1--12-17}, publisher = {Boca Raton : Taylor \& Francis }, organization = {Boca Raton : Taylor \& Francis }, edition = {1st}, abstract = {

Water, a natural occurring and abundant substance that exists in solid, liquid, and gas forms on the planet Earth, has attracted the attention of artists, engineers, poets, writers, philosophers, environmentalists, scientists, and politicians. Every aspect of life involves water as food, as a medium in which to live, or as the essential ingredient of life. The food science aspects of water range from agriculture, aquaculture, biology, biochemistry, cookery, microbiology, nutrition, photosynthesis, power generation, to zoology. Even in the narrow sense of food technology, water is intimately involved in the production, washing, preparation, manufacture, cooling, drying, and hydration of food. Water is eaten, absorbed, transported, and utilized by cells. Facts and data about water are abundant and diverse. This chapter can only selectively present some fundamental characteristics of water molecules and their collective properties for readers when they ponder food science at the molecular level.

}, author = {Chung Chieh} } @book {15341, title = {小兵之父:孫立人將軍側記}, year = {1991}, pages = {479}, publisher = {躍昇文化事業有限公司}, organization = {躍昇文化事業有限公司}, edition = {First}, url = {https://book.douban.com/subject/6886878/}, author = {Chung Chieh and 揭鈞} } @article {15358, title = {Structure of chloro(3,7-diazanonanediamide)nickel(II) perchlorate}, journal = {Acta Cryst.}, volume = {C45}, year = {1989}, pages = {1076-1077}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270189001538}, author = {Chung Chieh and F.-J. Wang and S.-L. Wang and C.H. Len and C.-S. Chung} } @article {15344, title = {Structural and spectroscopic study of Mo4(.mu.3-S)4(.mu.-S2CN(C2H5)2)2(S2CN(C2H5)2)4, a compound containing a cubane-like cluster with six molybdenum-molybdenum bonds}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, volume = {24}, year = {1985}, pages = {1587-1591}, url = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00204a035}, author = {Thomas C.W. Mak and Khalid S. Jasim and Chung Chieh} } @article {15329, title = {Geometric units in hexagonal and rhombohedral space groups}, journal = {Acta Cryst. (1984). A40, 567-571}, year = {1984}, abstract = {Hexagonal space groups,\ i.e.\ those with an\ hP\ lattice, are classified from the geometric-unit viewpoint by considering hexagonal crystal structures as combinations and permutations of some basic hexagonal prisms. Geometric units are the Dirichlet domains of the Wyckoff positions with the highest point-group symmetry in the space group. In this classification, there are six types of hexagonal space groups. Type\ h1 consists of two independent geometric units of the same symmetry per crystallographic cell; in type\ h2, the two units are identical, but differently oriented. Type\ h3 has six independent geometric units, again of the same point-group symmetry, but the six units can be made up of three pairs, each consisting of two identical units, thus giving rise to type\ h4. There are subclasses in types\ hl and\ h3. Centers of geometric units in\ hl(a) and\ h3(a) are uniquely defined by intersections of point-group symmetry elements, whereas those in\ h1(b) and\ h3(b) are not because the space groups in these subtypes are hemimorphic. Therefore, the two units along the polar axis may be combined as one. Type\ h5 consists of three units, each turned 120{\textdegree} from its neighbors owing to the screw axis 31, 32, 62 and 64. Similarly, type\ h6 has six units due to screw axes 61 and 65, and adjacent units are 60{\textdegree} apart. Rhombohedral space groups show two types of patterns: type\ r1 has two independent, and type\ r2 two identical, units. The h.c.p. and related structures are used to demonstrate the application of geometric units to crystal-structure descriptions.}, author = {C. Chieh} } @article {15328, title = {Geometric units in hexagonal and rhombohedral space groups}, journal = {Acta Cryst. (1984). A40, 567-571}, year = {1984}, abstract = {Hexagonal space groups,\ i.e.\ those with an\ hP\ lattice, are classified from the geometric-unit viewpoint by considering hexagonal crystal structures as combinations and permutations of some basic hexagonal prisms. Geometric units are the Dirichlet domains of the Wyckoff positions with the highest point-group symmetry in the space group. In this classification, there are six types of hexagonal space groups. Type\ h1 consists of two independent geometric units of the same symmetry per crystallographic cell; in type\ h2, the two units are identical, but differently oriented. Type\ h3 has six independent geometric units, again of the same point-group symmetry, but the six units can be made up of three pairs, each consisting of two identical units, thus giving rise to type\ h4. There are subclasses in types\ hl and\ h3. Centers of geometric units in\ hl(a) and\ h3(a) are uniquely defined by intersections of point-group symmetry elements, whereas those in\ h1(b) and\ h3(b) are not because the space groups in these subtypes are hemimorphic. Therefore, the two units along the polar axis may be combined as one. Type\ h5 consists of three units, each turned 120{\textdegree} from its neighbors owing to the screw axis 31, 32, 62 and 64. Similarly, type\ h6 has six units due to screw axes 61 and 65, and adjacent units are 60{\textdegree} apart. Rhombohedral space groups show two types of patterns: type\ r1 has two independent, and type\ r2 two identical, units. The h.c.p. and related structures are used to demonstrate the application of geometric units to crystal-structure descriptions.}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108767384001173}, author = {C. Chieh} } @article {15349, title = {Spectroscopic and structural studies of some bisdithiocarbamates and cyclic thiones}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {63}, year = {1984}, pages = {808-813}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v84-134}, author = {Thomas C.W. Mak and Khalid S. Jasim and Chung Chieh} } @article {15333, title = {Crystal structure of N,N\′-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinethione, a by-product from the reaction of Na2(CH2N(CH3)CS2)2 and HgCl2}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {61}, year = {1983}, pages = {211-213}, abstract = {Ammonium dithiocarbamate, H2NCS2NH4, decomposes easily but the anion forms a stable mercury(II) complex, the crystals of which are orthorhombic with\ a = 7.851(3),\ b = 17.565(7),\ c = 12.051(3) {\r A}, and space group\ Pbca. The structure was solved by the Patterson method and refined by the full-matrix least-squares method to an\ R\ of 0.038 for 781 reflections. The structure consists of layers of two-dimensional polymeric networks. The dimeric subunits in the layer containing two each of mutually connected Hg atoms and dithiocarbamates are further linked by other bridging dithiocarbamates forming a sheet-like structure. Each Hg atom bonds to four S atoms from four separate dithiocarbamates with Hg{\textemdash}S distances of 2.499(4), 2.508(4), 2.533(4), and 2.629(4) {\r A}. The ir bands observed were: ν(NH2), 3320, 3220, 3125; δ(NH2), 1600; ν(C{\textemdash}N), 1395; ρr(NH2), 1172; and v(C{\textemdash}S), 840 cm-1. The mass spectrum of this polymeric compound gave peaks corresponding to Hg, S2, CNH2, HNCS, S, CS2, S5, S4, S3, and S8\ in the order of their intensities.}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v81-396}, author = {Chung Chieh and Sing Kwen Cheung} } @article {15327, title = {The Archimedean truncated octahedron. III. Crystal structures with geometric units of symmetry m3m}, journal = {Acta Cryst. (1982). A38, 346-349}, year = {1982}, abstract = {All geometric units in crystal structures of space groups\ Im3m\ and\ Pm3m\ and two out of the three types in those of\ Fm3m\ have\ m3m\ symmetry, whereas the remaining one of\ Fm3m\ possesses\ {\bar 4}3m\ symmetry. Theoretically, a geometric unit of\ m3m\ symmetry has atoms arranged as a collection of these possible polyhedra: octahedron, cube, cuboctahedron, truncated octahedron, truncated cube, small rhombicuboctahedron and rhombicuboctahedron. All these can be derived from truncations, sometimes repeated, of the pair of platonic solids, cube and octahedron, which possess\ m3m\ symmetry. In reality, no known crystal structure has a geometric unit with a rhombicuboctahedron or a truncated cube. The close-packing requirement causes a complicated geometric unit to start (from the center) in one of the following ways: (i) a single atom followed by an octahedron, (ii) a single atom followed by a cube, (iii) an octahedron and (iv) a cube. The survey of structures indicates that polyhedra derived from an octahedron occur more frequently in real geometric units than those related to a cube.}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1107/S0567739482000722}, author = {Chung Chieh} } @article {15334, title = {A crystallographic and spectroscopic study of mercury(II) dithiocarbamate}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, year = {1981}, pages = {2746-2749}, abstract = {Ammonium dithiocarbamate, H2NCS2NH4, decomposes easily but the anion forms a stable mercury(II) complex, the crystals of which are orthorhombic with\ a = 7.851(3),\ b = 17.565(7),\ c = 12.051(3) {\r A}, and space group\ Pbca. The structure was solved by the Patterson method and refined by the full-matrix least-squares method to an\ R\ of 0.038 for 781 reflections. The structure consists of layers of two-dimensional polymeric networks. The dimeric subunits in the layer containing two each of mutually connected Hg atoms and dithiocarbamates are further linked by other bridging dithiocarbamates forming a sheet-like structure. Each Hg atom bonds to four S atoms from four separate dithiocarbamates with Hg{\textemdash}S distances of 2.499(4), 2.508(4), 2.533(4), and 2.629(4) {\r A}. The ir bands observed were: ν(NH2), 3320, 3220, 3125; δ(NH2), 1600; ν(C{\textemdash}N), 1395; ρr(NH2), 1172; and v(C{\textemdash}S), 840 cm-1. The mass spectrum of this polymeric compound gave peaks corresponding to Hg, S2, CNH2, HNCS, S, CS2, S5, S4, S3, and S8\ in the order of their intensities.}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v81-396}, author = {Chung Chieh and Sing Kwen Cheung} } @article {15348, title = {Five-coordinated halogenomercurate(II) complexes: crystal structures of bis(L-tryptophanium) trichloromercurate(II) and bis(D,L-homocysteine thiolactonium) tetrabromomercurate(II)}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, year = {1981}, pages = {138-143}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v81-022}, author = {Langford Book and Arthur J. Carty and Chung Chieh} } @article {15342, title = {N,O- and S,O-bonded Hg(II) complexes with S-substituted amino acids: synthesis and crystal structures of bis(S-methyl-L-cysteinato)mercury(II) and bis(D,L-ethioninato)-mercury(II) diperchlorate}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, year = {1981}, pages = {144-150}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v81-023}, author = {Langford Book and Arthur J. Carty and Chung Chieh} } @article {15326, title = {The Archimedean truncated octahedron. II. Crystal structures with geometric units of symmetry 43m}, journal = {Acta Cryst. (1980). A36, 819-826}, volume = {A36}, year = {1980}, pages = {819-826}, abstract = {All geometric units in crystal structures of space groups\ P{\bar 4}3m,\ I{\bar 4}3m,\ Pn3m,\ F{\bar 4}3m\ and\ Fd3m\ possess point group\ {\bar 4}3m. These units may be vacant, or may contain one or more atoms. In units containing more atoms than one, the atoms form one or a collection of these polyhedra: tetrahedron, truncated tetrahedron, octahedron, cuboctahedron or truncated octahedron; the last two may be distorted. Therefore, a formula that lists the consecutive polyhedra starting from the center of the unit can be used for the tabulation of these crystal structures. Only structures of Cu2O type are known in\ Pn3m\ and typical structures of the other four space groups are tabulated.}, url = {http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S0567739480001635}, author = {Chung Chieh} } @article {15350, title = {An X-ray crystallographic, Raman, and infrared spectral study of crystalline potassium uranyl carbonate, K4UO2(CO3)3}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {58}, year = {1980}, pages = {1651-1658}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v80-264}, author = {Anthony Anderson and Chung Chieh and Donald Irish and James P.K. Tong} } @article {15330, title = {The Archimedean truncated octahedron, and packing of geometric units in cubic crystal structures}, journal = {Acta Cryst.}, volume = {A35}, year = {1979}, pages = {946-952}, abstract = {Any cubic crystal structure can be divided into small units in the form of congruent semi-regular (Archimedean) truncated octahedra. The centers of these polyhedra can be chosen at invariant equivalent positions for most cubic space groups. The part of a crystal structure enclosed by an Archimedean polyhedron is called a geometric unit (or unit for short); however, the boundary of the unit may be relaxed to include a whole molecule or ion in case the geometric division is not convenient. Based on the properties and arrangements of such geometric units, there is an interesting relationship among the 36 cubic space groups. All units in a crystal structure of any one of 16 space groups are equivalent. There are 14 space groups to accommodate crystal structures with two types of independent units. Only crystal structures of space groups\ F23 and\ F{\bar 4}3m\ consist of four types of independent units. The remaining four space groups are in the class with three types of geometric units. The arrangement of geometric units is represented by a sequence of one period along the body diagonals of a unit cell. The sequence of geometric units is a simple version of the packing map on a (110) plane. This packing map reveals structural features.}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1107/S0567739479002114}, author = {C. Chieh} } @article {15343, title = {The Interaction of Organomercury Pollutants with Biologically Important Sites: An X-ray study of the 2:1 Complex between Methylmercury and Penicillamine}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {51}, year = {1979}, pages = {2597-2599}, author = {Yau Shing Wong and Peter C. Chieh and Arthur J. Carty} } @article {15346, title = {Crystal structure of dibromotetraethylthiuramdisulfidemercury(II)}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {56}, year = {1978}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v78-163}, author = {Chung Chieh} } @article {15338, title = {Crystal structure of methyl,2-mercaptopyrimidinatomercury(II)}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {56}, year = {1978}, pages = {560-563}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v78-090}, author = {Chung Chieh} } @article {15332, title = {Thiosemicarbazide complexes of mercury (II) halides}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {56}, year = {1978}, pages = {2526-2529}, abstract = {Dibromobis(thiosemicarbazide)mercury(II), HgBr2(tsc)2, is isostructural with dichlorobis-(thiosemicarbazide)mercury(II). The crystal is orthorhombic with\ a = 8.825(9),\ b = 8.587(11),\ c = 15.939(22) {\r A},\ Z = 4, space group\ Pbcn. Some bond lengths and angles are: Hg{\textemdash}Br = 2.860(4) {\r A}, Hg{\textemdash}S = 2.45(1) {\r A}, C{\textemdash}S = 1.76(4) {\r A} and\ . In both HgCl2(tsc)2\ and HgBr2(tsc)2, the configuration of the coordinated thiosemicarbazide (tsc) is the same as that of the free molecule. The ir and Raman (R) spectra for the complexes and tsc in the region 300{\textendash}1600 cm-1\ are very similar. The strong band at 800 (807 R) cm-1\ in the tsc due to v(C{\textemdash}S) is shifted to 773 (796 R), 777 (796 R), and 660 (680 R) cm-1\ for HgCl2-(tsc)2, HgBr2(tsc)2, and HgCl2(tsc) correspondingly. A strong band at 368 (R) cm-1\ present uniquely for HgCl2(tsc) can be assigned to v(Hg{\textemdash}N), The halides in HgX2(tsc)2\ are bonded to one mercury(II) ion and weakly bridged to a neighboring molecule with Hg {\textellipsis} Cl = 3.250(3) {\r A} and Hg{\textellipsis}Br = 3.436(4) {\r A}. As a result, two Raman bands due to Hg{\textemdash}X are expected. For HgCl2(tsc)2, the two Raman bands occur at 236 and 166 cm-1, whereas for HgBr2(tsc)2, one was observed at 190 cm-1\ but the other was masked by lattice modes. In HgCl2(tsc), the two Hg{\textemdash}Cl bonds are different and bands at 220 and 190 cm-1\ are assigned to v(Hg{\textemdash}Cl)t.}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v78-414}, author = {Chung Chieh and Laura P.C. Lee and Cecilia Chiu} } @article {15347, title = {Crystal structure of Sb2Tl7}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {55}, year = {1977}, pages = {1120-1122}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v77-157}, author = {Rolf Stokhuyzen and Chung Chieh and William B. Pearson} } @article {15340, title = {Synthesis and crystal structure of diiodotetraethylthiuramdisulfidemercury(II)}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {55}, year = {1977}, pages = {1115-1119}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v77-156}, author = {Chung Chieh} } @article {15335, title = {Synthesis and crystal structure of thiosemicarbazidedichloromercury(II)}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {55}, year = {1977}, pages = {3898-3900}, abstract = {Thiosemicarbazidedichloromercury(II) was synthesized in an ethanol{\textendash}water solution by keeping the molar ratio of HgCl2\ and thiosemicarbazide (tsc) at 1:1. The crystal is monoclinic:\ a = 8.966(11),\ b = 6.817(9),\ c = 12.092(14) {\r A}, β = 100.3(1){\textdegree}, and space group\ P21/c\ with four molecules per unit cell. The tsc is a bidentate ligand in this complex with Hg{\textemdash}S = 2.417(6) {\r A}, Hg{\textemdash}N = 2.51(2) {\r A}. The mercury atom is trigonal pyramidally four-coordinated, with two Hg{\textemdash}Cl distances of 2.366(6) and 2.770(5) {\r A}. When the tsc is coordinated to the mercury(II) ions, the chemical shift of the\ 1H atoms on the NH2\ and NH groups shift to a lower field.}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v77-552}, author = {Chung Chieh and Dianna H. Cowell} } @article {15337, title = {Synthesis and structure of dichlorobis(thiosemicarbazide)mercury(II)}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {55}, year = {1977}, pages = {1583-1587}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v77-220}, author = {Chung Chieh} } @article {15336, title = {A three-coordinate complex of mercury: crystal structure of bis(iodo-N,N-diethyldithiocarbamatomercury(II))}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {55}, year = {1977}, pages = {65-69}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v77-011}, author = {Chung Chieh} } @article {15339, title = {Crystal structure and vibrational spectra of methyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamato mercury(II)}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {54}, year = {1976}, pages = {3077-3984}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v76-438}, author = {Chung Chieh and Laura P. C. Leung} } @article {15331, title = {The Structure of (NO)2[Ho(NO3)5], A 10-Coordinate Species}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {53}, year = {1975}, pages = {831-835}, abstract = {Nitrosonium pentanitratoholmate(III), (NO)2Ho(NO3)5, was prepared from holmium metal and dinitrogen tetroxide in anhydrous ethyl acetate. Its crystals are monoclinic with\ a = 8.094,\ b = 11.979, c = 14.170 {\r A} and β = 104.7{\textdegree},Z\ = 4, space group\ P21/c. The structure was solved by the heavy-atom method and refined by full matrix least-squares methods to an\ R\ value of 0.085 for 1514 observed reflections measured on the G.E. XRD-6 diffractometer. The structure consists of one Ho(NO3)52-\ and two NO+\ ions. The holmium is 10-coordinated by five essentially symmetric bidentate nitrate groups which arrange themselves in a trigonal bipyramidal fashion around the metal with a mean Ho{\textemdash}O distance of 2.45 {\r A}. The two NO+\ ions per metal occupy slightly different environments and give rise to two i.r. bands at 2250 and 2285 cm-1, attributable to the (N, O+) stretching vibration. The mean N{\textemdash}O distance within these ions is 1.00 {\r A}.}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1139/v75-116}, author = {Chung Chieh and Gerald E. Toogood} }