@inproceedings{23,
  keywords = {haptics, perception, virtual reality},
  author = {Mahdi Azmandian and Mark Hancock and Hrvoje Benko and Eyal Ofek and Andrew Wilson},
  title = {Haptic Retargeting: Dynamic Repurposing of Passive Haptics for Enhanced Virtual Reality Experiences},
  abstract = {<p>Manipulating a virtual object with appropriate passive haptic cues provides a satisfying sense of presence in virtual reality. However, scaling such experiences to support multiple virtual objects is a challenge as each one needs to be accompanied with a precisely-located haptic proxy object. We propose a solution that overcomes this limitation by hacking human perception. We have created a framework for repurposing passive haptics, called haptic retargeting, that leverages the dominance of vision when our senses conflict. With haptic retargeting, a single physical prop can provide passive haptics for multiple virtual objects. We introduce three approaches for dynamically aligning physical and virtual objects: world manipulation, body manipulation and a hybrid technique which combines both world and body manipulation. Our study results indicate that all our haptic retargeting techniques improve the sense of presence when compared to typical wand-based 3D control of virtual objects. Furthermore, our hybrid haptic retargeting achieved the highest satisfaction and presence scores while limiting the visible side-effects during interaction.</p>
},
  year = {2016},
  journal = {Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces},
  pages = {1968\textendash1979},
  publisher = {ACM},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  isbn = {978-1-4503-3362-7},
  doi = {10.1145/2858036.2858226},
}