Gases

This last article of a three-part series describes how to use syringes, pressure gauges and Mason jars to do the gas laws: Boyle’s Law (pV), Gay-Lussac’s Law (pT) and Avogadro’s Experiment (pn). The huge advantage of using a Mason jar for the pressure vs amount relationship is that the stopper and ring combination produce a sealed container that can withstand a pressure inside of 2 atm without fear of the stopper popping or the glass breaking.

The use of natural gas (methane) and propane as fuel gases exemplifies numerous areas of general science and general chemistry: intermolecular forces, states of matter and changes of state; heats of vaporization; liquid–vapour equilibrium and vapour pressure; stoichiometry and heats of combustion; gas laws; carbon dioxide emissions and climate change.