Climate Institute member is helping pave the way for space-age climate science

The original story is posted on Waterloo News and Waterloo on-it.

A major funding announcement by the Government of Canada recently set in motion a new era of climate science, and a researcher at the University of Waterloo is a member of the group of scientists at the heart of the initiative.

The High-altitude Aerosols, Water Vapour and Clouds (HAWC) mission received $200 million of funding to create transformative new satellite instruments for measuring changes in the atmosphere.

HAWC is directly supported through the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and will undertake a mission expected to last some 12 to 15 years.

The CSA mission contributes three instruments and a satellite as part of the international NASA-led Atmosphere Observing System (AOS).

The University of Waterloo is among the top institutions in the country that will participate and produce cutting-edge research to improve our understanding of global climate change.

“This is generation defining for Canadian climate and atmospheric science,” says Dr. Chris Fletcher, professor of geography and environmental management. “The last time a fully Canadian-designed and made instrument launched was in 2003, with the SCISAT mission.”

Dr. Chris Fletcher uses computer models and satellite measurements to explore the physical processes that control variations in past, present and future climates. He is an associate professor in the Department of Geography and Environmental Management, and a member of the Waterloo Climate and Waterloo Water Institutes. 

Fletcher specializes in earth system modelling. His research incorporates insights from computer science to create climate models. Along with his involvement through HAWC, he is a member of the modelling working group for the AOS science team.

“The scale of the project is huge, and it’s likely not to launch until 2030. Once it’s up there, it can be expected to give us data for at least five years and hopefully much longer,” he says. “The way these missions go, you don’t wait until 2030 to say, ‘okay, this is what data we need.’ You use this time to figure out all those details so when the mission launches you are ready to make the most of the time you have.”

Fletcher says that HAWC is going to give scientists a whole new set of tools to better understand what is happening in the atmosphere and the climate system. Its primary function, according to Fletcher, is consistent monitoring and measurements, and especially of places that pose difficulties for gathering accurate data.

“HAWC is going to allow us to monitor areas in Canada’s far north, and also up in the high atmosphere,” Fletcher continues. “This country is so vast that it’s a real challenge to be able to get precise data from remote regions. That’s what this mission is going to do.”

Through HAWC’s enhanced monitoring capabilities, Fletcher says that another major benefit of the project is that it will be possible to better understand atmospheric processes and build better capacity for predictions of climate impacts 50 or even 100 years in the future.

“It’s a whole new generation of scientists that are going to be involved in the development of the mission and in the analysis of the data,” Fletcher says. “For a University like Waterloo and for a researcher like me, there’s a great opportunity to help shape that next generation and give them the tools to better deal with climate change.”

Learn more about HAWC on the CSA website.

New technology to capture data from the clouds. 

Climate change is here and the impacts are being felt around the world. Only with accurate climate projection models can we foresee, mitigate, adapt to — and, in some cases, survive — what comes next. The HAWC (High-altitude Aerosol, Water vapour and Clouds) space mission promises to transform our ability to understand and prepare for a future of extreme weather.

100% Canadian mission

that will provide new data to support extreme weather prediction, climate modelling and disaster monitoring (Canadian Space Agency)

$200 million

in funding to create transformative new satellite instruments that will measure atmospheric changes (Canadian Space Agency)

12- to 15-year mission

will consistently monitor and measure the atmosphere, and remote areas that are especially difficult to monitor with current methods (Canadian Space Agency)

Aerosols: Earth's climate guardians

Aerosols are fine solid particles or liquid droplets in the air. These particles can vary in size, shape, and composition. Common aerosols include smoke particles from fires, sea salt, pollen and more. Aerosols can be generated by natural events such as forest fires, as well as human activities like vehicle emissions and the burning of fossil fuels. Despite their small size, aerosols play a significant role in shaping our weather and climate. Understanding and observing aerosols and clouds are crucial for accurate climate change predictions and better management of extreme weather events.