Michael Fulton

My research relates to the history and archaeology of conflict in the Middle Ages, with the crusades as a particular context of interest. Much of my early research focused on the development of siege technologies in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, and the effects this had on the concurrent evolution of fortifications. I have also investigated the struggle for control of Egypt that played out in the twelfth century and I lead archaeological activities at Latin sites in the eastern Mediterranean.

Books

Fulton, Michael S. Crusader Castle: The Desert Fortress of Kerak (Pen & Sword, 2024).

Fulton, Michael S. Contest for Egypt: The Collapse of the Fatimid Caliphate, the Ebb of Crusader Influence, and the Rise of Saladin (Brill, 2022).

Fulton, Michael S. Siege Warfare during the Crusades (Pen & Sword, 2019).

Fulton, Michael S. Artillery in the Era of the Crusades (Brill, 2018).

Peer-Reviewed Articles

Fulton, Michael S. “The Capture of Jerusalem in 1099: Contextualizing an Episode of Mass Violence.” Crusades 24 (2025), pp. 2–19.

Fulton, Michael S. “Siege Warfare in Medieval Europe and the Middle East (500–1300).” In Oxford Bibliographies in Military History. Ed. Kaushik Roy (Oxford University Press, 2025).

Fulton, Michael S. “Medieval Mechanical Artillery ‘Treatises’.” In Military Literature in the Medieval Roman World and Beyond. Ed. Conor Whately (Brill, 2024), pp. 345–367.

Fulton, Michael S. “Trebuchets Were Not Siege Guns, So Why Use Them?” ‘Atiqot 111 (2024), pp. 259–273 [open access].

Fulton, Michael S. “Frankish Intervention in Egypt during the Reign of Amalric: Conquest or Extortion?” In Exploring Outremer, Volume 1: Studies in Medieval History in Honour of Adrian J. Boas. Ed. Rabei G. Khamisy, Rafie Lewis and Vardit Shotten-Hallel (Routledge, 2023), pp. 191–206.

Fulton, Michael S. “Overlooked Ordnance: Artillery Projectiles of the Crusader Period.” In Crusading and Archaeology: Some Archaeological Approaches to the Crusades. Ed. Vardit Shotten-Hallel and Rosie Weetch (Routledge, 2021), pp. 300–327.

Fulton, Michael S. “Disaster in the Delta? Sicilian Support for the Crusades and the Siege of Alexandria, 1174.” In Warfare in the Norman Mediterranean. Ed. Georgios Theotokis (Boydell, 2020), pp. 225–238.

Fulton, Michael S. “The Siege of Montfort and Mamluk Artillery Technology in 1271: Integrating the Archaeology and Topography with the Narrative Sources.” Journal of Military History 83.3 (2019), pp. 689–717.

Fulton, Michael S. “The Myth of the Hybrid-Trebuchet.” Viator 48.2 (2017), pp. 49–70.

Fulton, Michael S. “A Ridge Too Far: The Siege of Saone/Sahyun in 1188 and Contemporary Trebuchet Technology.” Crusades 16 (2017), pp. 33–53.

Fulton, Michael S. “Anglo-Norman Artillery in Narrative Histories, from the Reign of William I to the Minority of Henry III.” Journal of Medieval Military History 14 (2016), pp. 1–31.

Khamisy, Rabei G. and Fulton, Michael S. “Manjaniq Qarabugha and Thirteenth-Century Trebuchet Nomenclature.” Studia Islamica 111.2 (2016), pp. 179–201.

Fulton, Michael S. “The Diffusion of Artillery Terminology in the Early Thirteenth Century: The Case of Henry of Livonia.” SHARE 3 (2016), pp. 1–27.

Fulton, Michael S. “Development of Prefabricated Artillery during the Crusades.” Journal of Medieval Military History 13 (2015), pp. 51–72.

HIST 115/MEDVL 115: Crusading in the Middle Ages

CUPE 3912 Research Grant, 2015

Wilfrid Laurier OFR Grant, 2025

UWOFA CFR Grant, 2024–2025

SJU Academic Support Research Award, 2024

Wilfrid Laurier OFR Grant, 2024

Yad Ben-Zvi Grant, 2023

Zinman Institute of Archaeology Postdoctoral Fellowship, 2016–2017

IASH Postdoctoral Fellowship, 2016–2017

Council for British Research in the Levant Grant, 2016

Royal Historical Society Grant, 2016

British Association for Near Eastern Archaeology Grant, 2016

Royal Historical Society Grant, 2016

Cardiff University Postgraduate Research Grants (7), 2013–2016

Queen's University Graduate Award, 2008