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Saturday, May 24, 1997

Cauldron subsidence

Caldera eruptions such as the one which produced Crater Lake, Oregon, were originally thought to be massive explosions which blew the top off the original volcano. Ferdinand Fouque, a French geologist, showed that the caldera could not have been formed by destruction of an earlier cone, since there was not enough material from the original cone in the deposits formed by the eruption. In his 1879 book on the eruption of Santorini, Greece in 1628 B.C. he concluded that the missing part of the volcano had sunk below sea level.