Resilience to Climate Vulnerability and Environmental Risk (RECOVER)

Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are among the most vulnerable to climate change, consistently ranking high on global risk and climate vulnerability indices. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report highlights the critical challenges faced by small islands and emphasizes the need for transformational adaptation strategies. 

The RECOVER project addresses these challenges through the lens of “socio-metabolic risk” (SMR) – a systemic framework focused on the availability, integrity, and circulation of critical resources such as energy, water, and materials, which are vital for societal wellbeing. Socio-metabolic risk can be compared to circulatory health issues in humans: both limit an entity's ability to adapt and respond to significant disruptions. 

Maladaptive and climate-insensitive practices on SIDS - like coastal squeeze, heavy reliance on imports, and centralized energy systems - exacerbate vulnerabilities and heighten exposure to climate risks. Mitigating socio-metabolic risk is essential to prevent cascading failures across environmental, economic, and social systems, enabling small islands to withstand and adapt to climate impacts effectively. Through pilot projects in Maldives, Mauritius, Seychelles, and Fiji - referred to as ‘hubs of innovation’ - RECOVER collaborates with local stakeholders to co-develop scalable, system-transforming climate resilience strategies.  

RECOVER is funded and supported by the Climate Adaptation and Resilience (CLARE) programme. CLARE is a flagship research programme on climate adaptation and resilience, funded mostly (about 90%) by UK Aid through the Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO), and co-funded by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Canada.  

Small island nations are the least responsible, but the most impacted by climate change. RECOVER will enhance our understanding of, and co-develop pathways for sustainable, climate-resilient development in an island context.

Simron Singh

Waterloo Climate Institute member contributions

Simron J. Singh is the principal investigator of the project and Vanessa Schweizer is a part of the research team. 

Simron Singh

Simron Singh

Professor, School of Environment, Enterprise and Development; University Research Chair

Simron Singh conducts socio-metabolic research on small islands. As an industrial ecologist, he tracks material and energy flows through island systems: what and how much resources are locally produced, imported, transformed, used, stocked and discarded. His research aims to inform science and policy on ways small islands can achieve resource and energy security, meet social and economic goals while building resilient infrastructure to endure climate change.

Vanessa Schweizer

Vanessa Schweizer

Associate Professor, Knowledge Integration; Associate Chair, Undergraduate Studies

Vanessa Schweizer's research focuses are cross-disciplinary knowledge integration and the design of scenarios for the human dimensions of large-scale environmental change; long-term decision-making such as forecasting and discontinuities; and the influence of occupational, interpersonal, and cultural conflicts on climate change attitudes.

Research team at U of Waterloo

  • Dr. Michael Wood 
  • Dr. Simon Courtenay 

  • Dr. Kumaraswamy Ponnambalam 

  • Dr. Jessie Ma 

  • Michele Martin 

Partner institutions (funded) 

  • Maldives National University 
  • University of Mauritius 

  • Sustainability for Seychelles 

Graduate students and researchers 

  • Dr. Albert Jiang (Banting Postdoctoral Fellow)  
  • Bhargav Singh Thakur  

  • Charvi Choudhary 

  • Emily Voigt 

  • Jasmine McHugh 

  • Kate Leung 

  • Shubhi Singh 

  • Sumaita Nawar Rahman