Increasing the hosting capacity of renewables, electrification of transportation, and the large-scale implementation of green hydrogen generation plants, are identified as key solutions to help meet net-zero emission targets. Yet, the mass deployment of low-carbon technologies is creating a paradigm shift in the way energy is generated, traded, distributed, and utilized and is accompanied by serious implementation challenges.
In this presentation, examples of the integration challenges for decarbonized energy and transport systems are briefly highlighted. An overview is given for the different configuration design options to electrify public bus fleets and new systematic and effective techniques are introduced to optimize these design options. Aspects related to the operation mechanisms of electric bus batteries and the potential participation of such aggregated battery storage systems in the provision of grid services are also discussed. Further, the presentation gives an overview about the available green hydrogen generation technologies and introduces novel mathematical techniques to optimize the configuration design and energy management systems of MW-scale water electrolysis and its associated storage and transportation systems for both on-site and off-site hydrogen systems. Ongoing research activities and future directions are also highlighted.