One of the most salient technology-society issues in Olympic sport is that of enhancement. Consider my recent post on gene doping, for example. In general, the question is: When is the use of technology in a sport appropriate or acceptable?
CRISPR refers to short repetitions in DNA, the study of which has produced technology to edit DNA with great precision. The prospect of being able to edit DNA nearly at will has led to a lot of breathless commentary about how we may change the world—for better or worse—through employing it.
A video recently posted on a YouTube channel called "Kurzgesagt" (German for "In a nutshell") falls into this category:
An electronic bike (or "e-bike") is more-or-less what it sounds like: a bike with an electric motor integrated into it. E-bikes have become quite popular in Europe and in China, especially as a substitute for cars for short distance commuting.
I noted in an earlier post that the Rio Olympics marks the first time that the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has proactively tested for cheating, specifically for gene doping.
A recent article in New Scientist rehearses some arguments for why gene doping should simply be accepted, rather than banned and policed. I want to briefly go over those arguments here.
One of the most fundamental distinctions made in Olympic sports (and others) is the division between men's and women's events. Most sports on offer at the Games feature events that are divided into exclusively male or female categories.
(Some exceptions come to mind: rhythmic gymnastics and synchronized swimming are for women only, whereas Greco-Roman wrestling is for men only. Men's and women's gymnastics involve some different equipment for men versus women. Equestrian events are integrated.)
Increasingly, food companies seem to manipulate food coloration as a marketing ploy. In 2000, Heinz marketed green ketchup as a way of attracting interest in a humdrum condiment. This was followed by increasingly odd colors such as purple, pink, orange, teal and blue.
Although the campaign had a good run, Heinz reverted to the traditional red after a few years.
One of the casualties of the advent of rapid and ubiquitous, electronic communications was supposed to be place. That is, when you can virtually be anywhere at any time, then it would hardly matter where you actually are.
This reduction has occurred to some extent. Consider the recent Pokémon Go phenomenon. Players of the augmented reality game can collect a Rattata, for example, almost anywhere. Whether the virtual creature is encountered in Canada or Brazil, say, makes no difference.
In STV 202: Design and Society, I often use the design of the typical crosswalk as an example of how designs embody social contracts.
A crosswalk is a place where two parties, drivers and pedestrians, share a resource that both want to use, namely, a certain stretch of roadway. In order to do so for the benefit of each, and reducing the danger to pedestrians, there is often a signal system that manages the right of way. Only the party with the right of way, as indicated by the signals, is permitted to use the contested area of street.
As the Rio Summer Olympics approach, the subject of sport, excellence, and cheating returns to the fore. With it comes discussion of what cheating in sport is and why it is bad, or not.
One important means for enforcing rules of conduct is to allow police to search for evidence of violations. Search can take many forms, as recent examples illustrate.
In the upcoming Rio Summer Olympics, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) will be searching for evidence of gene doping. Gene doping is the insertion of genes into a body's cells in order to modify their behavior for the purpose of enhancement (as opposed to gene therapy, which is done to restore health).