Forests, wetlands and grasslands all provide “watershed services” by enhancing water quality and supply, biodiversity and carbon storage. They have economic value but unfortunately their market price is $0, says Prof. Roy Brouwer, Executive Director of the Water Institute.
Payments for watershed services is a growing practice, where economists are studying how to attach the right price to the essential services that watersheds provide. Brouwer says, “when used properly, these payment schemes could significantly help preserve water ecoystems around the world.” But, in general, there is a lack of effective water pricing practices, which means there is no direct economic incentive for water users to conserve valuable water resources.
There are currently over 100 payments for watershed services schemes operating around the world. During World Water Week in Stockholm, Brouwer said the payment schemes are more common in developing countries but are also of interest elsewhere.
The challenge lies in understanding what payment schemes are most effective under which circumstances: Who should pay and how much? What indicators should be monitored? Pinpointing what makes these schemes effective is what Brouwer is investigating.
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