Context dependence, defined as cultural norms for more direct and explicit or more indirect and implicit communication, is a long-standing focus in the lab. When employees from different cultural backgrounds use and attend to nonverbal, contextual cues in messages, relationships, time, and space to differing degrees, there is enormous potential for miscommunication. Theory and research directions are developed in Adair, W.L., Buchan, N.B, Chen, X.P., & Liu, L.A. (2024). What isn’t being said? Culture and communication at work. Springer.