Fossil Plants are generally Carboniferous in age or younger. Some of the most common types of fossil plants include ferns, horst tails and club mosses. At the end of the Carboniferous, the tree-shaped clubmosses and horsetails declined, mainly because the swamps were disappearing and because it became colder on Earth. Still, there were some coal swamps in the earliest part of the Permian. In that region coal seams combined with plant layers and root layers have been formed in the same way as the Carboniferous.
A younger fossil plant is fossilized palm wood, also known as palmoxylon.
Mariopteris Latifolia; Minto, New Brunswick
Stigmaria Ficoides; Cumberland Group; East of Tynemouth Creek; Bay of Fundy; New Brunswick
Alethopteris Serli; Roof of the McRury Coal Seam; Sydney Coalfield; New Brunswick
Calamites; Horsetail Tree; Robin Hood Quarry; Yorkshire, England
Alethopteris Lonchitica; Joggins; Nova Scotia
Neuropteris Heterophylla; Tracy Seam; Sydney Coal Field; Nova Scotia
Lepidodendron; Leaf Scars; Sydney Coal Field; Nova Scotia
Calamites; Pith cast; Potsville; A relative of the modern horsetail plant; Reached 30 metres tall
Mariopteris Nervosa; Fossilized Plant Leaves
