# Electrical and Computer Engineering - PhD at Waterloo

## At a glance:

• Antennas, Microwaves and Wave Optics
• Biomedical
• Circuits and Systems Including Computer - Aided Design
• Communications and Information Systems
• Computer Hardware
• Computer Software
• Nanotechnology
• Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI)
• Power and Energy Systems
• Quantum Information
• Silicon Devices and Integrated Circuits
• Systems and Control
• Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI)
• Wireless Communication

• Admission to the program is based upon the student's academic record and evidence of ability to pursue independent research.
• Normally a Master of Applied Science (MASc) degree from the University of Waterloo or an equivalent degree in engineering, applied science, or mathematics from a university of recognized standing with an 83% average.
• At the time of admission, each student must have a faculty supervisor who has endorsed the recommendation for admission.
• Three references, at least two academic
• Proof of English language proficiency, if applicable. TOEFL 80 (writing 22, speaking 20, reading 20, listening 18) IELTS 6.5 (writing 6.0, speaking 6.0)

### Approximate tuition, fees, and living costs

• Canadian and permanent resident students, full-time: $2,254.00 tuition and$470.90 incidental fees per term (as of January 2020)
• International students, full-time: $6,972.00 tuition and$682.90 incidental fees per term (as of January 2020)
• Study and living costs