Material Syntax: 3D Printed Masonry Façade Systems

January 16 to March 27, 2026

Exhibition coordinated by David Correa and Yannik Sigouin

University of Waterloo Architecture students investigate how the building facades of the future can be 3D printed with clay. Inspired by nature, ancient architectural traditions, and emerging technologies, the projects reimagine the clay masonry unit through new design methods and fabrication processes.

Working with a state-of-the-art large-volume clay extrusion 3D printer, students in Assistant Professor David Correa’s studio investigate how a traditional material like clay can be transformed for a contemporary architectural context. The technology enables an unprecedented level of design freedom compared to conventional brick-making, while still engaging the inherent properties and traditions of clay as a building material.

The exhibition presents a selection of undergraduate and graduate student work that explores the architectural potential of 3D-printed clay facades, where each unit can be uniquely customized. The projects include playful wall systems, ornamental and light-modulating cladding, as well as functional facade assemblies such as rainscreens and solar-shading systems.

This studio functions as a small experimental micro-lab, guiding students through design at multiple scales—from material microstructure to full-scale façade components. Weekly design critiques, foundational lectures, and hands-on digital clay printing sessions support a non-linear, exploratory design process. The course is part of a research collaboration with MasonryWorx focused on developing innovative masonry components.

Students are encouraged to bring curiosity, material sensitivity, and a willingness to push the boundaries of architectural design.

Special thanks to Andrew Payne, Michael Syms, Heinz Koller, Jessica Steinhausser, Dean Palmer, Peter Flannery, Dean Garbutt, and Stephen Smith for their support and contributions.

Bricks were generously sponsored by Brampton Brick and Canada Brick. Mortar was sponsored by Quikrete.

This exhibition is made possible by the Masonry Council of Ontario, in partnership with the School of Architecture, University of Waterloo and The Canadian Clay & Glass Gallery.

Fronds

Avery Ross, Kate Cummings, and Megan Sobkowich

Inspired by the dynamic, flowing form of kelp, Fronds presents a customizable, modular screen system that conveys a sense of movement and softness in juxtaposition with its masonry context. The undulating geometry and edge overhangs create an illusion of fluidity, while inverse symmetry within the modules allows the assembly to function as a threshold, filtering views and light through the ceramic curtain. Building on this formal expression, Fronds provides opportunities for a highly variable system that achieves a wide range of apertures by modifying the inner curvilinear partitions of each unit while maintaining a consistent exterior geometry. This geometric differentiation approach achieves a strong compromise between visual complexity and constructability, reducing construction costs by facilitating assembly and installation while maintaining a high level of visual interest and formal richness. 

A close-up view of a sculptural wall screen made of repeating wavy, leaf‑shaped ceramic modules, with warm light shining through the openings. The screen sits beside a dark grey brick surface.

Why?

Husna Khan, Anagha Thottam, and Alessia Sciardi

This project explores clay as a facade system and reimagines the architectural brick as a living module. Through a study of form, texture, and assembly, the design explores how material and vegetation intertwineFocused on a Y-shaped clay module designed to support climbing plants, the study examines how form orientation, surface texture, and modular variation influence plant growth and spatial expression. The uniqueness of the Y-shaped geometry allows each brick to function as a singular object while also operating collectively as part of a larger façade system. Individually, the module can exist as an architectural object—capable of holding, displaying, or supporting elements. This versatility enables the system to range in scale and application, from a living wall in a contemporary hotel façade to a standalone object or device within an interior or landscape setting, emphasizing adaptability across architectural contexts. 

A vertical brick-framed panel holds a grid of white, interlocking ceramic modules. Several strands of trailing green plants weave through the openings, hanging down the front of the structure. The piece is displayed indoors on a concrete floor, with shelves and other objects faintly visible in the background.

Morpha

Kalen Schellenberg, Nabeeha Rahman, and Mariem Saad

Morpha explores a gradient of apertures across a series of X-shaped units. Each unit embodies a push-and-pull dynamic: as the form experiences more tension, the apertures open wider, creating a dynamic interplay of enclosure and release across the surface. Functionally, the façade provides visual permeability and privacy while modulating light, shadow, and airflow. Aesthetically, it creates a cohesive, visually engaging surface where units interact purposefully with one another. Acting as a threshold condition, the wall mediates transitions between spaces, encouraging user engagement through shifting levels of openness and visibility. The system allows numerous configurations through its modular unit design, offering customizable arrangements with varied connections that respond to specific spatial needs. What makes Morpha unique is its adaptability: the design can grow, compress, or reconfigure while maintaining a consistent, workable scale, offering endless possibilities for site-specific expression. 

A single ceramic module viewed from the front, showing a symmetrical diamond-shaped opening surrounded by smooth, layered curves. Bright light shines through the center.

Apertix

Brianna Klei, Tina Mousavi, and Arik Abraham

Apertix is a partition screen that explores the relationship between material, light, and perception through the combination of clay and 3D printing technology. Working with the inherent qualities of clay, the piece emphasizes texture and depth, resulting in a surface with two distinct faces. Each side responds differently to light, creating contrasting visual and spatial experiences depending on the viewer’s position. Inspired by camera apertures and light filtration, Apertix is generated from two primary geometries—the circle and the oval. These forms are arranged in a reciprocal relationship and gradually manipulated to produce a subtle gradient across the surface. From a distance, the screen reads as a continuous wall; up close, its interlocking matrix of components reveals an undulating geometry. Apertix challenges the conventional single geometry of partition walls by merging material experimentation with digital fabrication, and has the potential to function as a screen partition or façade system that creates new experiences as you move through the space.

Two pairs of hands hold the corners of a hollow, square-shaped ceramic form against a dark background. The object is slightly twisted, creating an angled opening in the center as the hands support it from each side.

Tactile Wayfinding

Ian Bryane, Brienna Tran, and Mikayla Brennan

Architecture is a visual profession, where spaces and buildings often overlook the needs of the visually impaired who rely on non-visual cues to navigate and orient themselves within buildings. Clay 3D Printing offers a high level of customization and textural qualities, uniquely positioned to develop tactile environments that support universal accessibility through tactile functional features such as braille dots. The architectural feature composed of clay bricks embedded with braille, forming navigable surface language and undulating wave-patterned bricks that frame the braille elements and the wall. The custom clay brick feature transforms the wall into an active wayfinding system, communicating location, changes in level, and approaching doors, corners, or thresholds through both touch and sight. By embedding tactile and visual cues within fabricated masonry, Texturizing Wayfinding positions architecture as multi-sensory medium, where accessibility is integrated into design to ensure equitable access for visually impaired users.

A horizontal ceramic light fixture mounted on a brick wall. The fixture consists of textured ceramic panels framing a central illuminated strip with small raised bumps along its surface.

Link

Maeve Wang, Jacob Kleiman, and Kaleigh Nguyen

Designed for community use and assembly, LINK takes advantage of the geometric possibilities of ceramic 3D printing to create flexible, interlocking units that can adapt to various contexts. Functioning as community fencing, sidewalk lighting, or urban furniture, LINK focuses on ease of assembly, allowing community members to participate in the planning and maintenance of public spaces. 

The morphology of each unit is defined by two primary curvatures. The linking curve alters the overall footprint of assembly, allowing units to rotate and connect at varying angles depending on the length and orientation of each arm. This flexibility supports both linear and organic configurations. The front curve offers both visual and functional uses, influencing lighting intensity, diffusion, and form. By adjusting this curvature, the assembled units can vary their visual quality and performance based on the intended use of the installation. 

A small white ceramic sculpture with looping, interlocking curves sits on a textured brick base. The form twists in a continuous ribbon-like shape, creating rounded openings along its edge. The piece is displayed inside a glass case with a softly blurred background.