Candidates for the PhD degree must pass a written examination in an approved language other than English or German. The written examination may be conducted by the Department if it is in a language in which our faculty members possess expertise, otherwise the assistance of a corollary department within the University is enlisted.
Normally, the examination consists of the reading of one or several texts related to the student's field of interest, comprehension questions and the translation of one section. In exceptional circumstances, the examination may be waived if, for example, the student possesses native skills in the third language, or if the corollary department, upon examining the evidence of achievement submitted by the student, deems the student’s language skills sufficient to make the examination superfluous.