ls |
list all files in a directory |
lc |
list all files and shows files and directories seperately; this is especially useful as Unix files don't always have extensions as in Windows, and it might be hard to other differentiate between files and directories |
ls -a |
list files, including .xxx (configuration) files |
ls -t |
list files by time last modified, most recent first |
ls -alt |
list all files in long format, sorted by time last modified and with more informative information such as file permissions and date last modified |
Ls -ch* |
list files whose names start with ch (can look for any expession or characters) |
cd directory name |
move to the specified directory; cd .. moves to the directory directly above your last one |
pwd |
report the directory you are currently in |
mkdir new directory name |
make a directory |
cd directory |
change directory |
rmdir directory |
remove directory |
cp -r directory1 directory2 |
copies directory1 and everything in it to directory2 |
du |
outputs number of kilobytes used by each subdirectory (useful in deciding which files to delete) |
quota -v |
checks allocated amount of disk space and how much has been used up to date |
df |
checks space left on file system |
rm filename |
delete a file |
mv file1 file2 |
rename or move file1 to file2 |
cp file1 file2 |
copy file1 to file2 |
wc -w filename |
counts the number of words in a file named filename |
grep keyword filename |
searches through a text file for a keyword or an expression |
spell filename |
check spelling of file |