ECE 699 Project Course - Spring 2022

ECE 699 - Master of Engineering Project

This is a project course, designed exclusively for MEng students. Students will carry out a research project over one academic term, under the direct supervision of an ECE faculty member. At the end of the term, a written Project Report has to be submitted, which will be evaluated and marked by the Supervisor.

Eligibility and Guidelines:

  • MEng students from ECE Department only (MASc and PhD students are NOT eligible).
  • Coursework average ≥ 80%, after at least 3 courses.
  • No RA or GRS is paid.
  • The course is not transferrable to the ECE MASc program.

Course enrolment process is as follows:

  • Projects that are available with ECE faculty members are listed below.
  • Students should contact the faculty member, and the faculty member shall confirm allocating the project to the student.
  • Faculty member will notify the MASc/MEng Coordinator, who will issue a Permission Number to the student for registering in the course.

Information for course supervisors:

  • Spring 2022 ECE 699 grades are to be submitted by August 5th, 2022 to the Faculty Coordinator (currently, Prof. Andrew Heunis) and the MASc/MEng Coordinator.

Projects Available for Spring 2022 (the list will be updated as projects become available or unavailable).

Project: Perceptually motivated and deep learning approaches for image and video processing

The objective of this project is to develop novel methodologies for image and video processing, optimization, compression, transmission, and streaming based on advanced technologies including perceptually motivated and deep learning approaches. Working with a group of experienced researchers and fellow students, the student will carry out research in the forms of algorithm and software development, experiment design and setup, perceptual testing, and data processing and analysis

Supervisor: Prof. Zhou Wang
Email: zhou.wang@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x35301
Location: E5-5113

Project: Application of neural network or deep learning algorithms in electronic signals

This project asks to apply our neural network (NN) and deep learning (DL) algorithms to some experimental data from electronic devices as data analysis. The core part has been already built as a basis, but NN and/or DL codes will be updated based on the results of the data analysis. 

Required skills: Python, the familiarity of machine learning algorithms.

Supervisor: Prof. Na Young Kim
Email: nayoung.kim@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x30481
Location: RAC 2101

Project: Accelerating real-time AI on SoC FPGAs

In this project, students will work on design and implementation of an open-source, VTA-based accelerator framework for real-time AI. Prior knowledge of compilers, FPGA design, and kernel programming is necessary.

Supervisor: Prof. Seyed Majid Zahedi
Email: smzahedi@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x35761
Location: DC 2524

Project: Detection of Anomalous Behavior of Wireless Devices

Wireless devices, namely, smartphones, IoT (Internet of Things) devices, and wireless sensors, are finding widespread applications in personal communication, monitoring of critical infrastructure, and even human bodies for healthcare applications. The devices may report unexpected behavior or even behave abnormally because of various reasons: hardware malfunction, a device being compromised, and changes in the communication environment of a device, to name a few. The objective of this project is to design non-intrusive (aka touchless) anomaly detection techniques by using thermal images of the devices and applying machine learning techniques. Anomaly detection algorithms will be applied on actual data obtained in a lab environment, and the students will closely work with a PhD student and a Master’s student doing their theses on anomaly detection.

Supervisor: Sagar Naik
Email: snaik@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x35313
Location: EIT 4174

Project: Detection of Anomalous Behavior of Connected and Automated Vehicles

Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV) technology is gaining much attention of researchers for their: (i) decreasing the likelihood of accidents; (ii) maintaining a sustainable environment; (iii) enhancing user satisfaction; and (iv) improving the effectiveness of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). According to studies on CAV and cybersecurity, CAV technology will reduce vehicle crashes by 80% and significantly reduce the time that drivers spend in traffic. The correct functioning of CAV services is heavily dependent upon the accuracy and quality of data collected from ITS systems and their timely processing and dissemination. The erroneous and anomalous readings, generated through attacks, errors, or normal aging of the physical systems, can disrupt key vehicle functionalities: current speed, acceleration, current position,, braking, steering, and adaptive controls. In addition, harsh weather conditions can further exacerbate the anomalous behavior of vehicles. Therefore, designing and analyzing appropriate anomaly detection methods are key to the reliable operation of CAVs.

In this project, students will conduct a comprehensive literature review of the subject matter, classify the sources and nature of anomalous behavior in CAVs, apply anomaly detection algorithms on datasets for a deeper understanding of anomaly in CAVs, and suggest ways to enlarge the envelope of knowledge in the CAV domain.

Supervisor: Sagar Naik
Email: snaik@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x35313
Location: EIT 4174

Project: Developing Self-Adaptive Systems Using IBM Run-Time Technologies

The complexity of information systems is increasing in recent years. A consequence of this continuous evolution is that systems must become more customizable by adapting to changing contexts and environments. One of the most promising approaches to achieving such properties is to equip systems with self-adaptation mechanisms. The goal of this project is to build “Self-Adaptive Software Systems (SAS)” using open source runtime technologies and IBM Cloud Private. The project will provide student with a great opportunity to gain hands-on experience of run-time technologies and state-of-the-art self-adaptation mechanisms.

Supervisor #1: Prof. Ladan Tahvildari
Email: ladan.tahvildari@uwaterloo.ca 
Phone: 519-888-4567 x36093
Location: EIT 4136

Project: Performance Comparison of Rule and Integrity Checkers

Modern safety-critical systems require runtime monitoring to ensure integrity and safety. At the same time, these systems remain energy efficient to support small device size and operate without fans. The goal of this project is to evaluate runtime monitoring frameworks and perform a gap analysis which can then lead to subsequent research.

You will learn about: runtime verification, stream processing, embedded software, safety-critical systems, data analysis, performance evaluation

Supervisor: Prof. Sebastian Fischmeister
Email: sebastian.fischmeister@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x33694
Location: E5 4112

Project: Root-Cause Analysis for Safety and Security Incidents

Security and safety are paramount for modern systems like autonomous vehicles, airplanes, and medical devices. The challenge is to reason about incidents in such systems. The goal of the project is to review open-source reasoning frameworks and build a prototype for incident response for embedded systems.

You will learn about: root-cause analysis, data analysis, reasoning and AI, embedded systems, safety-critical systems

Supervisor: Prof. Sebastian Fischmeister
Email: sebastian.fischmeister@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x33694
Location: E5 4112

Project: Pwn-a-Truck: Cybersecurity of Heavy Vehicles

Security of autonomous vehicles is crucial to eventually deploy them at scale. We own a truck that we use for cybersecurity. The goal of the project is to identify exploitable vulnerabilities in electronic control units of an actual truck on campus. Pwn a truck!

You will learn: embedded systems security, low level programming, CAN, cybersecurity attack tools

Supervisor: Prof. Sebastian Fischmeister
Email: sebastian.fischmeister@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x33694
Location: E5 4112

Project: Modeling Techniques, End of Life Estimation and Battery Management Systems for EV Battery Packs

This project has been inspired by the expected high volume of EV battery packs that will become available after the end of their first lives in the vehicles and their potential application in stationary energy storage systems before their end of second life and being recycled. The project consists of:

 

  • A Critical Review of Methods for Modeling and Estimation of EV Batteries’ End of First (In-Vehicle) Life and Second (Used/Repurposed in Stationary Energy Storage System) Life, and

     

  • A Critical Review of Battery Management Systems (BMSs) for EV Battery Packs – Requirements, Design Specifications, Performance Parameters, Relation to Type and Age of Battery Cells, Relation to Charging System  

Supervisor: Prof. Mehrdad Kazerani
Email: mkazerani@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x33737
Location: EIT 4171

Project: Critical Review of Energy Access Projects for Off-Grid Communities

About 600 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa have no access to electricity at all. One of the important goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is to not leave anyone without electricity by 2030. This is a very aggressive target and needs tremendous global effort. A lot of projects in different regions of the world, including Sub-Saharan Africa and Bangladesh, have targeted to put an end to energy poverty. These projects have been mainly initiated by start-up tech companies, with specific business plans, supported by local governments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Some of these projects have been successful, but some have failed to continue with the initial agenda due to different reasons. The aim of this project is to make a critical review of the energy access projects on the ground, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa and Bangladesh, and make an analysis of the reasons behind successes and failures, and hopefully make practical recommendations useful for future projects.         

Supervisor: Prof. Mehrdad Kazerani
Email: mkazerani@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x33737
Location: EIT 4171

Project: Cellular Data Analysis 

This project is about analyzing data that has been collected on the cellular network. The student(s) will work closely with the PhD student in charge of the project. A knowledge of networking is a plus.      

Supervisor: Prof. Catherine Rosenberg
Email: cath@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4510
Location: EIT 4008

Project: Geometric nonlinear control of underactuated mechanical systems

We will design and implement a nonlinear feedback controller for motion control of a rotational inverted pendulum. We will use the tools of nonlinear control and differential geometry to motivate our design and mathematically prove its effectiveness. The task includes (1) modelling the system (2) analyzing the resulting model (3) design and simulate a path following controller to move the pendulum in a desired manner (4) implement the controller on a Quanser designed hardware platform.m.      

Supervisor: Prof. Chris Nielsen
Email: cnielsen@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x32241
Location: EIT 4106

Project: Fault Detection in Hybrid HVDC Grids

High voltage direct current (HVDC) grids, where a number of point-to-point HVDC links are connected together in a meshed configuration, have recently gained substantial attention in Europe, China and Canada. These HVDC grids enable the bulk and low-loss transfer of power and allow for large integration of renewable resources.  As future HVDC grids will be built by different manufacturers, various types of converters will be operating in the same grid. The creation of such hybrid HVDC grids will bring forth significant technical challenges. One significant challenge is the hybrid HVDC grid protection. This project revolves around developing a relaying algorithm for hybrid HVDC grids.   

Supervisor: Prof. Sahar Azad
Email: sahar.azad@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x33974
Location: EIT 4017

Project: Protection of Modernized Distribution Systems

The conventional protection strategies and protective relays in the electric power distribution systems have been developed based on the characteristics of large centralized generation systems, i.e.,  synchronous generators. The existing protection systems are not designed taking into account the different behaviour of electronically‐interfaced Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), e.g.,  renewables and energy storage systems. This project aims to enable reliable protection of the modernized distribution systems with increased penetration of electronically‐interfaced DERs, especially the large‐scale wind and solar power plants.

Supervisor: Prof. Sahar Azad
Email: sahar.azad@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x33974
Location: EIT 4017

Project: Distance relays for protection of systems with wind farms

The protection of power systems with renewable energy resources against large fault currents and voltage transients are one of the main technical challenges hindering the large integration of renewable resources to the electric grid. This research project aims to address the protection challenges by developing and experimentally validating innovative relaying strategies for grids with wind farms.

Supervisor: Prof. Sahar Azad
Email: sahar.azad@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x33974
Location: EIT 4017

Project: Reinforcement Learning in Video Games

The student will utilize concepts from Machine Learning and Reinforcement Learning to implement a basic game playing agent for Minecraft. This will require strong familiarity with API programming in python. 

It will also be beneficial if the student has some knowledge of image processing and Machine Learning algorithms. The student will conduct literature review on the related topics, create an installation of the MinceRL packages, implement some ML and RL solutions, depending on their experience level,
and write a report describing their achievements, results and outline of next steps to be taken in future research on this domain.

Supervisor: Prof. Mark Crowley
Email: mcrowley@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x31464
Location: E5 4114

Project: Combining Image Processing and Natural Language Processing for Medical Data

This project will centre around a large dataset for Digital Pathology including scanned images of patient tissue samples and corresponding medical reports from doctors in partially structured text documents.

The student will perform a literature review of related topics in this field, particularly the use of CNNs, for such images and Word2Vec methods on text data. Depending on the student's level of background knowledge, they will perform analysis of these datasets and use CNN a Word2Vec algorithms to build a first draft combined model of the data.

The student will meet regularly with Prof Crowley to report their progress and to get guidance on next steps. At the end the term, the student will write up a short report on their achievements and findings. Existing familiarity with API programming in Python is preferred.

Supervisor: Prof. Mark Crowley
Email: mcrowley@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x31464
Location: E5 4114

Project: Learning Human Driving Behaviour from Car Sensor Data

Use concepts from Data Analysis and Machine Learning on a large, multi-model, time-series dataset collected by UWaterloo researchers in partnership with a large automaker.  The data comes from a vehicle with multi-directional radar, roof-mounted LiDAR, GoPro cameras, GPS/Map data and internal automobile CanBus data.  The target of the project will be to develop, train and evaluate some Machine Learning models for predicting and classifying various predefined driver behaviours from this data. The student will write a report on achievements, results, methods used and experimental analysis. Familiarity with python, scikitlearn, tensorflow packages is necessary. Note, dataset is subject to a research privacy agreement.

Supervisor: Prof. Mark Crowley
Email: mcrowley@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x31464
Location: E5 4114

Project: Developing a microfluidic biosensor for profiling cancer biomarkers  

During cancer progression, many tumors shed cancer biomarkers, including circulating tumor cell (CTC), exosomes and cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) into the bloodstream. In this project, the candidate will be working on developing a platform for in-line detection of exosomes as a biomarker for early cancer diagnosis. They will fabricate a specially designed microfluidic device and integrate a bead-based assays for in-line capture of exosomes from whole blood sample.

For further information please visit: https://uwaterloo.ca/integrated-devices-early-awareness-lab/

Supervisor: Prof. Mahla Poudineh
Email: mahla.poudineh@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x33319
Location: QNC 3622

Project: Developing a real-time, electrochemical biosensor for glucose and insulin detection 

In this project, an electrochemical biosensor will be developed for multiplexed and real-time detection of glucose and insulin. The detection is based on aptamer switching probes where a redox agent is conjugated to the aptamer probe and upon binding of the target, a change in conformation of aptamer happens and this will allow target detection.

For further information please visit: https://uwaterloo.ca/integrated-devices-early-awareness-lab/

Supervisor: Prof. Mahla Poudineh
Email: mahla.poudineh@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x33319
Location: QNC 3622

Project: Path Planning/Controls for Autonomous Racing

In this project you will be designing, implementing, validating, and iterating upon various path planning and control algorithms to drive a modified Dallara IL-15 Indy Lights vehicle around the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in simulation. This project is a part of Waterloo Autonomous Racing (WATORACE)’s stack for competing in the Indy Autonomous Challenge.

Supervisor: Prof. Derek Rayside
Email: drayside@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x40248
Location: E7 5426

Project: Action Detection in Road Scenes

Leveraging the ROAD Dataset, WATonomous is developing an action classifier for road participants from video streams. The system will be deployed on-vehicle and validated in lead vehicle overtaking and pedestrian interaction scenarios. The team is looking for experience in computer vision research, development with PyTorch and Docker, and deploying neural networks to on-vehicle GPUs.

Supervisor: Prof. Derek Rayside
Email: drayside@uwaterloo.ca
Location: E7 5426

Project: Urban Decision Making for Autonomous Vehicles 

Developing decision-making frameworks for safe, yet efficient, urban autonomous driving under environment uncertainties is a challenging topic for modern learning-based algorithms. Therefore, in this project, reinforcement learning-based decision-making schemes are developed to learn optimal policies for driving in multi-agent environments where intents of road users and other dynamic states are unforeseeable. Candidates with programming experience with PyTorch/ TensorFlow and familiarity with the CARLA simulator are preferable.  

Supervisor: Prof. Derek Rayside
Email: drayside@uwaterloo.ca
Location: E7 5426

Project: Sim-to-Real Applications for Autonomous Driving 

As driving simulators become more photorealistic and simulation platforms become more flexible in terms of sensor configuration and environmental setting, synthetic data has a greater chance of filling gaps in existing real-world datasets. Nonetheless, there is a domain difference between the appearance of simulation and real-world data, which can be bridged using transfer learning techniques. Watonomous researchers have been working on developing such schemes for autonomous driving applications. Candidates with programming experience with PyTorch/ TensorFlow and familiarity with the CARLA simulator are preferable.  

Supervisor: Prof. Derek Rayside
Email: drayside@uwaterloo.ca
Location: E7 5426

Project: Robust Deep Learning of Deep Neural Networks

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial examples, maliciously modified raw input data which is imperceptible to human vision, but once fed into DNNs, can lead DNNs to produce incorrect outputs. The existence and easy construction of adversarial examples pose significant security risks to DNNs, especially in safety-critical applications, including visual object recognition and autonomous driving. One way to partially mitigate this problem is to formulate deep learning as a type of minimax problem instead of the standard minimization problem. The objective of this project is to explore and implement effective methods for solving such a minimax problem, yielding robust deep learning.

Supervisor: Prof. En-Hui Yang
Email: ehyang@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x32873
Location: EIT 4157

Project: Modelling Adversarial Perturbations in Deep Neural Networks

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial examples, maliciously modified raw input data which is imperceptible to human vision, but once fed into DNNs, can lead DNNs to produce incorrect outputs. The existence and easy construction of adversarial examples pose significant security risks to DNNs, especially in safety-critical applications, including visual object recognition and autonomous driving. The objective of this project is to model adversarial perturbations in DNNs through statistical analysis and DNN visualization. The established model will provide a basis for developing a radically different approach for detecting adversarial examples.

Supervisor: Prof. En-Hui Yang
Email: ehyang@uwaterloo.ca
Phone: 519-888-4567 x32873
Location: EIT 4157

Project: Comparing the accuracy of bone density measurements obtained from a dual energy chest radiograph to a state-of-the-art DEXA scan

DEXA is the established gold standard when it comes to bone density measurements. However, it is a test that requires specialized equipment and is prescribed for a very targeted population e.g. seniors.  In contrast, X-ray imaging is a commonly prescribed imaging test in outpatient clinics and emergency departments across Canada. This project will investigate the difference in error between a bone density measurement extrapolated from a dual energy X-ray image and compare it to the measurement obtained from a Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scan.

Supervisor: Prof. Karim S. Karim
Email: kkarim@uwaterloo.ca
Location: E7 1326A

Project: Memory Visualization for an Assistive Robot

The student will develop a basic software tool for a robot to store and view memory of salient objects in a lab environment. This will require strong familiarity with Python or C++. It will also be beneficial if the student has some knowledge of object tracking and basic GUI design. The task includes: 1) Implement an off-the-shelf object detector and object tracking mechanism from OpenCV to detect and track some salient objects, 2) Store videos of salient objects in memory, 3) Develop a simple GUI to search and visualize videos of salient objects stored in memory.

Supervisor: Prof. Kerstin Dautenhahn
Email: kerstin.dautenhahn@uwaterloo.ca
Location: E5 5027

Project: Admittance control for safer control of a mobile manipulator robot

The student will implement an admittance controller for safer motion control of our Fetch robot. The student should have a good mathematics knowledge and some understanding of electronics and hardware. The task includes (1) reviewing the state of art on admittance control and choosing an appropriate method (2) implementing the chosen controller on our robot, which will entail getting the appropriate information at the motor level and Python or C++ programming for the control algorithm.

Supervisor: Prof. Kerstin Dautenhahn
Email: kerstin.dautenhahn@uwaterloo.ca
Location: E5 5027

Project: Deep Learning to speed-up and augment Autonomous Vehicle simulators

Project description: Autonomous driving is a safety-critical application where it is near impossible to safely and efficiently test autonomous vehicles (AVs) in their target environments. Simulation-based testing has emerged as a promising approach to test AVs and discover issues prior to on-road deployment. AV simulators however are computationally intensive and cannot simulate behaviors faster than real-time (in general), slowing down the testing process. This project aims to find strategies to speed up AV simulators by developing neural network architectures that can accurately approximate simulated vehicle (and environmental) behaviors while reducing or entirely eliminating the use of AV simulators in simulation-based testing.

Required skills: Python programming (including familiarity with Tensorflow/PyTorch), basic knowledge of deep learning, familiarity with working in a Unix environment.

What you will learn: State-of-the-art autonomous vehicle simulators (CARLA and LGSVL); vehicle dynamics; basics of perception, planning and control in autonomous vehicles; implementing and training different deep learning architectures (such as GNNs and GANs).

Supervisor: Prof. Yash Vardhan Pant
Email: vganesh@uwaterloo.ca
Location: DC 2530

Project: Falsification of autonomous vehicle software

Project description: Autonomous systems rely on complex, machine learning-based algorithms to operate in a dynamic environment. It is critical to analyze environmental conditions (e.g., vehicle behaviors, road conditions, pedestrian formations etc.) where autonomous systems, such as autonomous vehicles, perform unsafe behaviors. This project aims to apply a guided search method, called falsification, to automatically find (in simulation) such unsafe behaviors where autonomous vehicles violate predefined safety requirements.

Required skills: Python programming (including familiarity with Tensorflow/PyTorch), basic knowledge of deep learning, familiarity with working in a Unix environment.

What you will learn: State-of-the-art autonomous vehicle simulators (CARLA and LGSVL); vehicle dynamics; basics of perception, planning and control in autonomous vehicles; implementing and training different deep learning architectures (such as GNNs and GANs). .

Supervisor: Prof. Yash Vardhan Pant
Email: vganesh@uwaterloo.ca
Location: DC 2530

Project: Understanding CBDCs

Over the last few years the Governments of Canada and USA have taken great interest in the concept of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) and are exploring the possibility of issuing them for use by the general public. This raises profound questions for society as a whole, such as, can we provide a secure, safe, and privacy-protecting architecture for CBDCs, can we make CBDCs programmable, how will CBDCs co-exist with current paper money and how do CBDCs fundamentally transform the nature of money itself? The focus of this project is to explore these questions and provide meaningful definitions and an architecture for CBDCs and all that it entails.

Supervisor: Prof. Vijay Ganesh
Email: vijay.ganesh@uwaterloo.ca
Location: DC 2530

Project: Electrical Characterization Studies on Power Cables used in Nuclear Power Plants

Research Description: The work will consist of electrical characterization studies on small-scale samples prepared from low voltage (LV) and medium voltage (MV) polymeric cables utilized in power generation and distribution applications.  The samples will be subjected to varying degrees of thermal aging. The work will be conducted as a part of an overall industry-partnered R&D study with Kinectrics Inc. and Mitacs to localize the thermal aging related defects in polymeric cables used in nuclear power plants.

Research Objectives and Methodolgies: You will be taught different, efficient, and practical characterization methods of power cables which are used in industry. These methods include but not limited to Dielectric Spectroscopy (DS), Polarization and Depolarization Current (PDC) measurements, Time- and Frequency- Domain Reflectometry (TDR and FDR) tests, high-frequency dielectric characterizations, and polymer tests (tensile tests, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis). 

Supervisor: Prof. Shesha Jayaram
Email: shesha.jayaram@uwaterloo.ca
Location: EIT 3105

Project: Hardware Architecture for Machine Learning Algorithms Based on Stochastic Computing

In this project, you will implement an RTL hardware architecture for a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on stochastic computing, which offers compact arithmetic node implementation, to be applied to problems in medical imaging. The target will be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) platform.

Supervisor: Prof. Vincent Gaudet
Email: vcgaudet@uwaterloo.ca
Location: E5 5117