The following information is presented for prospective students with two purposes in mind.
- First, it outlines the appropriate background for applicants to the program.
- Second, it can assist in preparation for the entrance test as well as the interview.
Background Textbooks
Finance
- Phelim P. Boyle and Feidhlim P. Boyle: Derivatives: The Tools that Changed Finance
- John C. Hull: Options, Futures and Other Derivatives (9th Edition) or Options, Futures and Other Derivatives, Ninth Edition PowerPoint Slides
- David G. Luenberger: Investment Science
- Sheldon M. Ross: An Introduction to Mathematical Finance: Options and Other Topics
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Nassim Nicholas Taleb: Dynamic Hedging: Managing Vanilla and Exotic Options
Probability and Statistics
Topics: Distribution of random variables; Conditional probability and stochastic independence; Some special distributions; Distributions of functions of random variables; Limiting distributions; Estimation; Markov Chains; and Brownian Motion and Markov Processes.
- Robert Hogg and Allen Craig: Introduction to Mathematical Statistics (7th Edition), Chapters 1-6
- Sheldon M. Ross: Stochastic Processes, Chapters 4-6
Econometrics
Familiarity with multiple regression would be helpful. Most standard econometric textbooks will cover this topic. For example:
Real Analysis
Topics: The real number system; Elements of set theory; Numerical sequences and series; Continuity; The Riemann integral; and Sequences and series of functions. These topics can be found in the classic textbooks by:
- W. Rudin: Principles of Mathematical Analysis, Chapters 1-7
- H. Royden and P.Fitzpatrick: Real Analysis (4th Edition)
Calculus
Topics: Techniques of integration; Partial derivatives; Multiple integrals; Vector calculus; Optimization of multivariable functions; Ordinary differential equations. Most concepts in univariate differential and integral calculus will be used routinely. There are many books that cover these topics, for example:
- J. Stewart: Calculus, 7th Edition
Linear Algebra
Topics: Matrix algebra; Determinants; Vector spaces and linear transformation; Orthogonality and projections; and Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. There are many excellent textbooks on linear algebra that cover these topics, for example:
- T Lawson: Linear Algebra, Mat Labs
Additional readings
C++
C++ is a challenging programming language for novice quants. The books listed below, if read and understood properly, would help make you somewhat proficient in C++ programming:
- J. Liberty and R. Cadenhead: Sams Teach Yourself C++ in One Hour a Day (7th Edition)
- H. Schildt: C++: A Beginner's Guide, Second Edition
- A. Koenig and B. Moo: Accelerated C++: Practical Programming by Example
- S. Meyers: Effective C++: 55 Specific Ways to Improve Your Programs and Designs (3rd Edition)
Python
Python has become increasingly popular in the quantitative finance world. It is a relatively easy language to learn, but it is harder to master, because it has many useful libraries. Regardless of which type of quant you wish to become, it would a valuable asset to know Python, as it is only going to become more widely adopted in the financial industry as time goes on.
- M. Lutz: Learning Python, 5th Edition
- M. Lutz: Programming Python Fourth Edition
- D. Beazley and B. K. Jones: Python Cookbook Third Edition
- Allen B. Downey: Think Python 1st Edition
MATLAB
MatLab is still widely used in the financial industry. The following textbooks will help you learn, and upgrade your skill in, Matlab:
- Stormy Attaway: Matlab, Third Edition: A Practical Introduction to Programming and Problem Solving
- Paolo Brandimarte: Numerical Methods in Finance and Economics: A MATLAB-Based Introduction
- H. T. Huynh, V. S. Lai, I. Soumare: Stochastic Simulation and Applications in Finance with MATLAB Programs
R
As with MatLab, R is extensively used in the financial industry as it is a natural language with which to carry out advanced statistical analysis for model vetting exercises and predictive analysis. A great way to learn R is to pair the following books with a course in statistics, which will often make use of R (such as STAT 974/ACTSC 974):
- A. F. Zuur, E. N. Ieno, and E. Meesters: A Beginner's Guide to R
- P. Dalgaard: Introductory Statistics with R
- P.S.P. Cowpertwait and A.V. Metcalfe: Introductory Time Series with R
- P. Spector: Data Manipulation with R
Excel/VBA
Although not having nearly as much computational horsepower as that of C++ or Python, Excel is still the most widely used software in the financial industry. The following textbooks could prove handy:
- I. Gottlieb: Next Generation Excel: Modeling in Excel for Analysts and MBAs (For MS Windows and Mac OS), 2nd Edition
- M. Jackson and M. Staunton: Advanced modelling in Finance using Excel and VBA
- G. Löeffler and P. N. Posch: Credit Risk Modeling using Excel and VBA
- F. D. Rouah and G. Vainberg: Option Pricing Models and Volatility Using Excel-VBA (text only)
General Readings in Finance
If you feel that you lack basic financial markets knowledge, and cannot tell your stock from your bond, or your bank from your fund, then you should make these books your bedtime readings:
- M. Lewis: The Big Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine
- M. Lewis: Liar's Poker
- R. Lowenstein: When Genius Failed: The Rise and Fall of Long-Term Capital Management
- E. Derman: Models Behaving.Badly.: Why Confusing Illusion with Reality Can Lead to Disaster, on Wall Street and in Life
- R. Lindsey and B. Schachter: How I Became a Quant: Insights from 25 of Wall Street's Elite
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Nassim Nicholas Taleb: Fooled by Randomness
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Nassim Nicholas Taleb: Antifragile
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Scott Patterson: The Quants: How a New Breed of Math Whizzes Conquered Wall Street and Nearly Destroyed It
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Scott Patterson: Dark Pools: The Rise of the Machine Traders and the Rigging of the U.S. Stock Market
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Gregory Zuckerman: The Man Who Solved the Market: How Jim Simons Launched the Quant Revolution
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Emanuel Derman: My Life as a Quant: Reflections on Physics and Finance
Interview Preparation Readings
In a highly competitive world, it is simply not good enough just to be aware of capital markets and how they function, the mathematics of derivatives pricing and quantitative trading methods, and being able to program in C++ and Python. You would also need to prepare yourselves to be successful in the interviews. The following books are some resources for helping you do this. Make sure that you study not only the content of the brainteasers, but also try to deconstruct how they are put together in the first place and what you are really being asked.
- P. Wilmott: Frequently Asked Questions in Quantitative Finance
- T. Crack: Heard on the Street: Quantitative Questions from Wall Street Job Interviews
- M. Joshi, N. Denson and A. Downes: Quant Job Interview Questions and Answers (Second Edition)
- X. Zhou: A Practical Guide To Quantitative Finance Interviews
- B. Jiu: Starting Your Career as a Wall Street Quant: A Practical, No-BS Guide to Getting a Job in Quantitative Finance
- G. McDowell: Cracking the Coding Interview: 150 Programming Questions and Solutions