Thesis Defence: Sara Torki Baghbadorani

Of the thesis entitled: Contemplative Space: Design for Generative Parametric Tessellations Applied to a Shell Structure

Abstract:

This thesis focuses on a componential shell structure constructed through a generative, parametric, modular system at global and local scales. The shell form uses vault topology, is adaptive to various geographical regions, and serves as contemplative space. For this purpose, Grasshopper components hosting written C# code are used to design two strategies within a multi-layer system.

First, the design proposes a master system that is standard in both strategies, capable of expanding based on the region in which the design is to be realized. The second layer of this complex system uses the specific topology of the vault system. The two proposed strategies have the same components, column (the load-bearing module) and bridge (the module for covering the span), each of which exhibit different behaviours: first, symmetrical and homo­geneous form and, second, non-symmetrical and heterogeneous form. The internal decora­tion system proposed for each strategy is based on algorithmic geometry, with two different characters: the first is inspired by muqarnas as a specific vernacular ornament (primarily from traditional Persian architecture), whereas the second is a non-cultural, neutral ornament (originating from computational design and achieved by deformation of mesh division).

The research informing the design focuses on two main areas, historical and contemporary architecture. In the first area of research, two precedents, “Arabesque Wall,” by Benjamin Dillenburger and Michael Hansmeyer, and “La Voûte de LeFevre” by Brandon Clifford and Wes McGee are described. An analysis of these contemporary architectural precedents help to explore how emerging digital technologies, in collaboration with the past, can create a new design ecology and culture. The second area of research considers cultural and phenom­enological observations and the aesthetics of the design in its physical and psychological aspects in both historical and contemporary contexts, from the topology of the form to the visual perception of the internal surface that aims to create a “contemplative space.” This investigation indicates the points of contact between arabesque art as vernacular ornament and contemporary, computer-based art. Computational and parametric design is considered with regards to its effect on contemporary design culture. The parametric strategies, soft­ware, and C# coding used in the thesis are introduced along with Peter Fotiadis, the author of the C# programming. The spatial ornament known as muqarnas is analyzed as one example of algorithmic ornament, illustrated through a contemporary “art of the knot” designed using parametric tools. In the last part of the research, the features of the vault system are demon­strated historically and through individual examples of each kind. In parallel, the contempo­rary shell structure and methods form optimization by means of computational simulation and morphogenesis are investigated.

The parametric system developed in the thesis design, using C# coding integrated with Grasshopper software, provides an opportunity to design a complex geometrical system to be applied to the shell envelope. The resulting, stand-alone shell provides a shelter for protect­ing people from weather conditions, capable of hosting a variety of public or private activ­ities. The parametric shell structure is proposed to be implemented based on the decoration strategy, with the “Modular” strategy for specific regions familiar with the vernacular option such as Iran and Arab countries, and the “Vault” strategy, using a deformed mesh decoration, for two different sites in St. Petersburg, Russia and Las Vegas, USA.

The examining committee is as follows: