Solidago arguta var. arguta is the northern race of the species distinguished by having glabrous leaves and fruits (Semple & Cook 2006 FNA).  Inflorescences are often short-branched in northern collections, but the usual pattern for the species is an open, few, long-branched inflorescence.  The variety includes only diploids.  The range is shown under S. arguta and includes disjunct populations in southern Missouri.