Rough-stemmed
or
Wrinkle-leaf
Goldenrod,
verge
d’or
rugueuse
Solidago
rugosa
Miller
is
highly
variable
in
stem
height,
degree
of
leaf
wrinkling,
inflorescence
shape
and
branch
length,
and
hairiness.
It
is
similar
to
members
of
the
S.
canadensis
complex
in
lacking
lower
stem
leaves
at
the
time
of
flowering;
it
differs
in
not
having
3-nerved
leaves.
The
species
includes
diploids
2n=18
(four
varieties),
tetraploids
2n=36
(all
varieties),
and
hexaploids
2n=54
(only
var.
sphagnophila).
Semple
et
al.
(2021)
reviewed
previously
published
chromosome
numbers
and
present
new
data
and
presented
a
cytogeographic
map
for
the
species.
Semple
et
al.
(2021)
cited
Beck
et
al.
(2021)
who
did
a
genomic
investigation
of
S.
ulmifolia
and
included
samples
of
S.
rugosa
in
their
analysis
and
concluded
that
based
on
the
limited
sample
size
there
was
only
limited
phylogenetic
separation
of
the
varieties
recognized
in
S.
rugosa
and
that
the
results
did
not
support
recogonizing
subspecies.
Further
study
is
needed.
The
species
is
divided
into
two
subspecies
and
five
varieties
that
can
be
difficult
to
distinguish
(Semple
&
Cook
2006
FNA).
Semple,
J.C.,
Jie
Zhang,
R.E.
Cook,
and
B.A.
Suripto.
2021.
Cytogeography
of
the
Solidago
rugosa
Mill.
complex
(Asteraceae:
Astereae)
in
Eastern
North
America.
Taxonomy
2021
(1)
290-301.
Last
updated
14
October
2021
by
J.C.
Semple
©
2021
J.C.
Semple,
including
all
photographs
unless
otherwise
indicated.
