Exploring Amplification Pathways of Nature-Based Climate Solutions in Canadian cities
Kayne Boyall (MSc student supervised by Dr. Sarah Burch)
Cities are increasingly central sites of climate action, amid compounding biodiversity and economic crises. Yet efforts to transform urban systems remain constrained by path dependency, indeterminacy, and shifting priorities. Nature-based climate solutions (NBCS) have gained prominence for their capacity to “multi-solve” by mitigating emissions, addressing climate risks, enhancing biodiversity, and delivering social–ecological co-benefits. Despite this promise, urban NBCS in Canada often remain confined to small-scale pilots and disconnected demonstration projects, limiting their transformative potential.
This research examines how NBCS can move beyond pilots to be amplified within broader systems of urban governance and transformation. Drawing on 20 semi-structured interviews with NBCS practitioners and governance experts alongside planning and policy documents in comparative case study of Vancouver, BC and Halifax, NS, this study maps distinct but interrelated pathways of amplification along with the actors, enabling conditions, and catalysts shaping the growth of NBCS initiatives. Particular attention is given to how institutional and organizational contexts influence the stability, diversity, and prioritization of co-benefits. The findings inform efforts to design, govern, grow and sustain NBCS in support of just, low-carbon and resilient urban futures.
