People smoke the same number of cigarettes regardless of how much nicotine is in them, according to a new University of Waterloo study.
“There is ample evidence from inside and outside the tobacco industry that major reductions in the nicotine content of cigarettes would result in a less-addictive product," says David Hammond, lead author on the study and professor in the School of Public Health and Health Systems. “Overall, the impact of a less-addictive cigarette on reducing smoking uptake and cancer prevention is potentially massive.”
The study on reduced-nicotine cigarettes, published in the journal CancerEpidemiology, monitored the smoking behaviours of 72 adults as they switched to three types of cigarettes with markedly reduced nicotine levels.
Unlike when smokers switch between conventional cigarette brands — all of which have similar levels of nicotine — the study found no change in:
- number of cigarettes smoked
- levels of toxic chemicals in smokers’ bodies
The landmark findings may ease concerns that smokers would increase their consumption of cigarettes or puff harder if governments reduced nicotine levels to negligible amounts.
“One of the primary barriers to reducing nicotine levels is the belief that individuals who continue to smoke will smoke more cigarettes in an effort to extract the same nicotine levels, thereby exposing themselves to greater amounts of toxic chemicals. Our findings suggest this is not the case,” said Hammond. “The smokers were unable or unwilling to compensate when there was markedly less nicotine in the cigarette and when the experience of smoking is far less rewarding.”
The cigarettes used in the study — Quest 1, Quest 2 and Quest 3 — had a nicotine content of 8.9, 8.4 and 0.6 mg respectively, as opposed to an average of 12 mg in a regular cigarette.
At time of the study, Quest cigarettes were the only commercially available cigarettes in the world with significantly reduced nicotine levels.