Educational Catalogue of Resources: Race

Harrison played a significant role in race movements throughout the United States. This can be seen through his contributions in spaces such as the Socialist Party of America, and founders of the Liberty League (political organization), and the Voice (newspaper). 

In this work, Harrison focuses on the problem of economic exploitation, particularly the exploitation of workers under the capitalist system.

Change is occurring, and they need to be prepared. In his newspaper article from the Messenger, Randolph talks about the different occurrences of oppression and the accompanying change occurring. 

Post World War I (WWI), Asa (A.) Philip Rudolph and Chandler Owen write about what the term "New Negro" means in relation to their context as Black Americans and in contrast to the subdued "Old Negro". 

This book is a compilation of various editorials, articles, and reviews written by Harrison between the years of 1917 - 1920. The chapters go through the lasting effects of World War I on the lives of Black Americans.

The African Blood Brotherhood addressed the issue of lack of organized planning in the liberation of the Black race. 

Claude McKay was dealing with the problem of racial oppression and the marginalization of Black people within both the capitalist system and the global revolutionary movement. 

Marcus Garvey grapples with the problem of racial division and internal disunity within the Black community, which hinders collective progress and liberation.

Haywood talks about the deeply integrated suppressive system in which the United States is engulfed in. He mentions the white liberals and their ideological perceptions of Black Americans fighting for their emancipation as a matter of race only and a complete disregard of the systemically embedded hurdles within a capitalistic society which they face.

Through his political activism, Haywood calls Black Americans towards an anti-capitalist movement, and to join forces with the workers and farmers against American imperialism. 

In the pamphlet, Jones calls out the extensive amounts of people and money being funnelled in to the war and how, under the guise of safety and democracy, there has been countless bloodshed and widespread domination due to hungry imperialists. 

In 1941, prominent civil rights activists, including A. Philip Randolph, planned the March on Washington Movement (MOWM), where tens of thousands of Black Americans were to march in protest of discriminatory practices, particularly in defence industry employment practices.

At the brisk entering World War II, many Black Americans were subjected to meagre jobs, if anything. Racial discrimination and inequitable hiring practices left many without federal contracts.

This is a compilation of various different articles which Randolph wrote to refute his critics, in particular the Pittsburgh Courier, a leading Black newspaper at that time.

Kwame Nkrumah's Education in West Africa is a condemnation of colonial education systems for their contribution to the erosion of African cultural identity and national development.

In this news clipping Jones questions the political systems in place and the hypocrisy of their words and actions. 

In this 23rd chapter of Cox's Caste, Class, and Race book, An American Dilemma: A Mystical Approach to the Study of Race Relations, he confronts Gunnar Myrdal, a Swedish economist, with regard to his findings on race relations in America.

In 1948, Harry Haywood grappled with the dilemma of the systemic oppression and exploitation of Black Americans, particularly in the Black Belt region of the South, where they were "colonized" within the U.S. capitalist system.

Cox argues against two scholars and their usage of ethnocentrism to explain racial prejudice. He mentions that one cannot go about changing people's perceptions simply by proving them wrong; perceptions are rooted in the system.

C.L.R James addresses the issue of the tension between the independent struggle of Black Americans and their relationship with the broader labour and socialist movements in the U.S.

In 1949, Claudia Jones addresses the intersecting oppression faced by Black women, particularly in how they are negected in both feminist and civil rights movements.

In 1949, Claudia Jones grappled with the challenge of addressing women's inequality within capitalist society, particularly the compounded oppression faced by working-class and Black women.

In Black Skin, White Masks (1952), Frantz Fanon grapples with the psychological effects of colonialism and racism on Black individuals, particularly the alienation and internalized inferiority they experience in a white-dominated society.

Fraser tackles the problem of incorrectly framing the Black struggle in the U.S. as a national issue, arguing instead that it is fundamentally about racial discrimination.

In 1961, Frantz Fanon addressed the limitations of national consciousness in post-colonial societies, critiquing its potential to reinforce class divisions rather than fostering true liberation.

In 1962, Harold Cruse confronted socialism's failure to recognize the significance of Black nationalism in the African American struggle for liberation, particularly the failure to understand the black people’s condition as a form of domestic colonialism.

Many prominent civil rights activists were present at the March on Washington (1963) protest, advocating for foundational rights for Black Americans.

James Boggs addresses the systemic oppression of the working class and African Americans within the capitalist system, which is reinforced by both economic exploitation and racial inequality.

In the 1960s, the Revolutionary Action Movement responded to the systematic marginalization of Black students within the broader political, educational, and social systems.

In collaboration with Gwendolyn Midlo Hall, Harry Haywood wrote this unpublished manuscript, Towards a Revolutionary Program for Negro Freedom.

In collaboration with Gwendolyn Midlo Hall, Harry Haywood wrote an unpublished manuscript, Towards a Revolutionary Program for Negro Freedom, which was originally published in the quarterly journal, Soulbook. In the chapter, The Crisis of Negro Reformism and the Growth of Nationalism, they touch upon the uprise of anti-colonialism movements, stark polarizations of socioeconomic classes, and the dissatisfaction on the empty promises of the “American Dream”.

This document was worked on by A. Philip Randolph, Bayard Rustin, and Martin Luther King Jr., as a means of developing a plan. This plan particularly focused on moving America's most vulnerable, both Black and white people alike, out of poverty.

I am Joaquín is a piece of poetry which explores the diaspora feeling of Mexican Americans (Chicano's). It highlights the cultural disconnect felt and the rise of the Chicano Movement.

"To begin with, the white world defines who is white and who is black." Walter Rodney goes on in this highly provocative work highlighting the power dynamics present between Black and white people and the deeply rooted systemic pushback non-white people face.

George Jackson in this letter, grapples with the systemic oppression of Black people under capitalism, imperialism, and the prison-industrial complex.

In The Imperialist Partition of Africa, Rodney expands by providing many examples of the imperialist countries, Britain, France, and Germany, coming into the African continent as a "white racist virus" and dividing the continent up for extraction.

Angela Davis addresses the problem of the historical distortion of Black women’s roles during slavery, particularly the harmful stereotypes of Black women as either "matriarchs" or emasculating figures.

Martinez and Vásquez go through the experiences of what the Spanish colonizers did to their land. They tell the story of Mexican Americans (Chicano's) and their fight for freedom.

What happens when a community refuses to stay silent about its own erasure? That’s at the heart of Let Me Speak!, the powerful testimony of Domitila Barrios de Chungara, a Bolivian miner’s wife who found her voice in union organizing and the Housewives’ Committees.

The Combahee River Collective, a group of Black queer socialist feminists, wrote their 1977 statement out of frustration with existing liberation movements that failed to address their oppression.

In 1978, Audre Lorde explored the concept of the erotic as a powerful and transformative force for women, arguing that it has been suppressed and distorted within patriarchal societies to maintain control over women’s emotions and desires. 

In 1980, Audre Lorde examined the ways in which societal structures oppress marginalized groups by enforcing a "mythical norm" that ignores the complexities of human differences, particularly along lines of race, class, sex, and sexuality.

This article written by Adrienne Rich directly responds to the erasure of lesbian existence within literature, in particular women of colour, due to the double bias of racism and homophobia present.

In 1981, Angela Davis addressed the persistent undervaluation of housework, particularly the way it disproportionately burdens women and remains largely invisible within capitalist economies.

Maurice Bishop was a prominent anti-capitalist Grenadian Prime Minister. He fought hard for many pressing issues, such as worker's rights, women's rights, and the overall fight against racism and apartheid. 

In this book Race, Reform, and Rebellion, the third chapter, The Demand for Reform, 1964-1960, Manning highlights the large disparities present amongst white and Black Americans, particularly with regard to Jim Crow laws.

In this book Race, Reform, and Rebellion, the fourth chapter, We Shall Overcome, 1960-1965, concepts such as the Second Reconstruction Civil Rights movement were occurring with the goal to rid society of Jim Crow laws

Writer, critic, and professor bell hooks argues in her essay “Loving Blackness as Political Resistance”, from Black Looks: Race and Representation, that white supremacy depends on teaching Black people to hate Blackness and see themselves as unworthy of love

In Teaching to Transgress, bell hooks emphasizes the necessity of recognizing cultural diversity in education because she considers that it facilitates a sense of community learning where all voices are valued.

In this collection of essays, Said goes through the political discontent going on during the separation of Palestine and Israel, in particular focusing on the 1993 Oslo Accords. These essays demonstrate that often times there is a hidden agenda behind the work of front-facing leaders, demonstrating Said's critique of those involved.

This collection of poetry was Darwish's most favoured one, which he provided to the translator Mohammad Shaheen, himself.

Sociologist Oyèrónkẹ́ Oyěwùmí argues that British colonial rule imposed a rigid gender binary on Yorùbá society, which had previously organized roles and status by seniority, lineage, and community rather than biological sex.

In her 1989 article, Kimberlé Crenshaw addresses the problem of marginalizing Black women’s experiences within both feminist and anti-racist frameworks.

Martínez states that white supremacy is fundamental to the existence of America. She breaks down colonization, through conversations around Indigenous peoples, followed by the enslavement of African labour.

Gonzales was a boxer, politician, activist, and public speaker. This book is a compilation of Gonzales work over the span of 20+ years. It is divided by order of speeches, plays, poetry's, and other messages. 

This book compiled by Akbar Muhammad Ahmad, goes through the journey of Black workers and how they were one of the last peoples to be allowed to work in the automotive industry.

Aimé Césaire, a French poet and politician writes about the lasting and ongoing effects of colonialism and its impact on culture, history, and civilization as a whole.

The author, Eric Perkins, goes through the battles in which the League of Revolutionary Black Workers went through, and how they were able to form themselves as a formidable bloc against their oppressors.

Political theorist and historian Mahmood Mamdani argues that European colonial powers invented rigid “native” identities to divide colonized populations and entrench domination.

Humanae is a photographic work in progress by artist Angélica Dass. Her ongoing work aims to shift the definition of what skin colour means and whose definition we must follow

Historian Barbara Fields and sociologist Karen Fields argue that race is not a natural fact but an ideological product of racism, invented to justify exploitation and exclusion. 

Nimtz delves into the Civil Rights Movement (CRM) and their usage of non-tactical violence such as bus boycotts and catalyst events for the CRM, such as Emmit Till's murder and Bloody Sunday – a civil rights march demanding for voting rights in Alabama. 

Diversity often serves as a buffer for inequity rather than a challenge to it. That’s the question philosopher Joy James takes up in this conversation, tracing a century-long pattern of colonial powers co-opting select members of racialized and gendered minorities to defuse radical movements and preserve control.

In her interview "Not So Black and White", legal scholar Dorothy Roberts challenges the deeply rooted assumption that race is a natural category. Drawing on the work of Barbara and Karen Fields, she argues that we focus too much on “race” as if it were a real, stable trait, rather than recognizing it as the product of racism—a system that first imposes unequal treatment, then invents race to justify it.