Pure Mathematics degree
Go way beyond basic arithmetic
Study the power, elegance, “how,” and “why” of math. In this rigorous program, you'll cover the spectrum of mathematics — from classical to modern — including geometry, number theory, and logic.
Because Pure Mathematics classes are among the smallest and most cohesive in the Faculty of Mathematics, you’ll get to know both your classmates and your profs. (Profs who are doing ground-breaking research when they’re not in the classroom.) You'll also get the opportunity to get paid work experience through co-op.
Pure Mathematics will provide you with problem-solving skills that can be applied in industry, business, government, or graduate school.
What courses will you take in Pure Mathematics?
First year courses
During your first year, you'll take a mix of foundational courses in Mathematics, Computer Science, and communications.
In upper years, most of your courses will be in Pure Mathematics with additional math courses.
This is a sample schedule. Courses or when a course is offered may change depending on availability.
After first year
The majority of your required courses will be pure mathematics courses, with additional courses in mathematics. With your remaining classes, you can choose electives from many of the 100 subject areas at Waterloo.
View all the courses required for your degree.
Customize your degree
You can add additional areas of expertise to your degree by including one of the minors available to all Waterloo students.
Once you're a student, advisors can help you explore which minors or specializations may fit into your plans.
Customize your degree
Popular minors for Pure Mathematics students include:
You can add additional areas of expertise by including one or more of the minors available to all Waterloo students.
Faculty:
Faculty of Mathematics
Degree:
Bachelor of Mathematics in Pure Mathematics
Available as a co-op program?
Yes
Available as a regular program?
Yes
Available as a minor?
Yes
Have fun with other mathies. Join the club! The Pure Math Club organizes academic and social events ranging from student/prof mixers and math contests to board game nights and potlucks.
Add research to your resume. Apply for an Undergraduate Student Research Award and you could spend four paid months working in pure mathematics with a professor.
Co-op = relevant paid work experience
In the world's leading co-op program, you'll explore potential careers, learn to interview for jobs, graduate with up to two years of valuable experience — and make money!
Sample co-op job titles
- Business analyst assistant
- Data quality engineering
- Instructional support assistant
- Policy and research assistant
- QA automation developer
- Research assistant
- Security distributed system engineer
Co-op work-study sequence
In co-op, you'll normally alternate between school and work every four months, integrating your classroom learning with real-world experience. You can return to the same employer for a couple of work terms to gain greater knowledge and responsibility or work for different employers to get a broad range of experience.
There are options to have your first work term in the spring term after first year, in the fall term of second year, or in the winter term of second year. This example shows your first work term in the spring term after first year.
| Year | September to December (Fall) | January to April (Winter) | May to August (Spring) |
|---|---|---|---|
| First | Study | Study | Co-op |
| Second | Study | Co-op | Study |
| Third | Co-op | Study | Co-op |
| Fourth | Study | Co-op | Study |
| Fifth | Co-op | Study | - |
This example shows your first work term in the winter term of second year.
| Year | September to December (Fall) | January to April (Winter) | May to August (Spring) |
|---|---|---|---|
| First | Study | Study | Off |
| Second | Study | Co-op | Study |
| Third | Co-op | Study | Co-op |
| Fourth | Study | Co-op | Study |
| Fifth | Co-op | Co-op | Study |
What can you do with a degree in Pure Mathematics?
Waterloo Pure Mathematics graduates typically pursue careers in information technology, data analysis, quantitative analysis, and more. They often work for financial institutions, consulting firms, investment firms, and technology companies.
The careers listed below are examples of what you might be able to pursue. Through the courses you take, specializations you choose, extracurriculars, and any work experience you gain, you'll graduate with a degree that's uniquely you and be ready to pursue a career that's right for you!
Math professor (with graduate studies)
Teach mathematics at the university level while conducting research in areas that interest you. Through graduate studies, you could explore advanced mathematical concepts, publish new findings, and help students develop strong analytical and problem-solving skills.
Data analyst
Work with data to uncover patterns and trends that help organizations make better decisions. Use logical thinking skills learned in your degree to approach problems carefully and interpret results clearly.
Cryptographer
Design secure systems that protect information, using advanced mathematical ideas like number theory. Help keep data safe in areas like banking, communication, and cybersecurity.
Quantitative analyst (quant)
Apply mathematical models to financial markets, analyzing data and developing strategies for trading or risk management. Your theoretical background will help you understand complex systems and uncertainty.
Actuarial analyst
Assess risk using probability and statistics, especially in insurance or pensions. Build models that estimate future events and help organizations plan financially.
Operations researcher
Solve practical problems like scheduling, logistics, or resource allocation using mathematical methods. Your ability to think abstractly helps you model and optimize real-world systems.
Financial analyst
Evaluate investments, track economic trends, and support financial planning. Your math background will helps you build accurate models and assess risk with confidence.
Mathematics educator (secondary or tutoring)
Teach math at the high school level or support students through tutoring. Help others understand challenging concepts and develop strong problem-solving skills.
Machine learning analyst
Work with data and algorithms that allow systems to learn and improve over time. Your understanding of mathematical structures will help you grasp how models work and how to improve them.
Entrepreneur or startup founder
You might start your own business; use your analytical mindset to solve problems and make informed decisions. Your ability to think abstractly can help you approach challenges in creative and effective ways.
With a degree in pure mathematics, you’re developing the ability to think deeply, logically, and creatively about complex problems. These skills are highly valued across many industries, meaning you can adapt your path based on your interests and make an impact in a wide range of fields.
Learn about the future of careers in math, coding, and data.
Career success: a 90% employment rate after graduation
Waterloo is known for a rigorous and high-quality education – which helps Waterloo Math students be highly successful.
- Graduation rate of 86% compared to 79% for similar programs across Ontario.
- Over 90% are employed within six months of graduation!
- Waterloo students are 4X more likely to do an internship, co-op, field experience, or clinical placement in their first year than first-year students at other Ontario universities.
(Sources: Key performance indicators - University of Waterloo 2024, National Survey of Student Engagement 2023)



MathSoc
Math Society (MathSoc) is run by students for students and provides a wide range of clubs, services, and social and academic events to make your experience as a Waterloo math student the best it can be.
Campus-wide activities
There are tons of opportunities to get involved within the Faculty of Mathematics as well as campus-wide clubs, sports and recreation, and an incredible range of events!
Women in Mathematics
The Women in Mathematics (WiM) strives for all genders to be well-represented in mathematics and welcomes people with under-represented gender identities.
Women in Computer Science
Women in Computer Science (WiCS) offers events such as the Big CSters mentoring program, workshops, a speaker series, and panels about diversity in computer science and STEM.
Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (WiSTEM)
WiSTEM is a student-run club that welcomes all students (regardless of gender) to promote equality in STEM through workshops, discussions, homework help, and guest speakers.
Hack the North
As a Waterloo student, you can participate in competitions such as Hack the North, Canada's largest hack-a-thon and hosted annually at Waterloo.
Admission requirements
Ontario students
Six Grade 12 U and/or M courses including
- Advanced Functions
- Calculus and Vectors
- Any 4U English
- One other 4U course
Admission average: Individual selection from the mid-80s
Recommended course
Grade 11 U Introduction to Computer Science
Not studying in Ontario?
Search our admission requirements.
For all students
- The Admission Information Form is required for admission.
- Participation in the Canadian Senior Mathematics Contest and/or the Euclid Mathematics Contest is not required for admission, but writing one of these contests is required for some scholarships offered by the Faculty of Mathematics.
How to apply
Apply to Mathematics and choose Pure Mathematics as your major at the end of first year.
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